“双减”政策后增加体育运动对儿童近视影响的调查研究  

Research on the Effect of Increased Physical Exercise on Children’s Myopia after the "Double Reduction" Policy

作　　者：陈晓燕[1] 林文弢[1] 李宇星[1] 毛远鹏 CHEN Xiaoyan;LIN Wentao;LI Yuxing;MAO YuanPeng(Guangzhou Sport University,Guangzhou,Guangdong Province,510000 China;Dongguan Banshi Primary School,Dongguan,Guangdong Province,523000 China)

机构地区：[1]广州体育学院,广东广州510000 [2]东莞市板石小学,广东东莞523000

出　　处：《当代体育科技》2023年第6期41-45,50,共6页Contemporary Sports Technology

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(教社科类)(21YJAZH049)。

摘　　要：目的:调查研究“双减”政策下学校增加体育运动对学生近视的影响,并提出对策。方法:采用问卷调查法,了解“双减”政策对学生近视的影响,根据回收的有效问卷以及实验结果建立数据库;采用数理统计法对数据进行t检验,当P<0.05时表示有显著性差异,当P<0.01时表示有非常显著性差异。结果:(1)从作业时长来看,“双减”政策实施后的作业时间较“双减”政策前非常显著性减少(P<0.01);(2)在“双减”政策实施背景下,学生参加体育锻炼后的视力得到改善,与参加体育锻炼前相比右眼裸眼视力、左眼裸眼视力均上升,结果具有显著性差异(P<0.05);体育锻炼后右眼等效球镜度下降,与体育锻炼前相比具有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),左眼等效球镜度下降,与体育锻炼前相比具有显著性差异(P<0.05);(3)“双减”政策实施后,参加辅导补习的人数较“双减”政策实施前非常显著性减少(P<0.01)。结论:“双减”后,学生的户外活动时间延长、课后作业减少、体育运动增加、活动积极性增加、课后补习时间减少,这些变化对学生的近视缓解有积极的影响。Objective:To investigate and study the impact of increased physical exercise in schools on students’ myopia under the "double reduction" policy and propose countermeasures.Methods:Questionnaire survey was conducted to understand the impact of the "double reduction" policy on students’ myopia,and a database was established according to the effective questionnaires collected and the experimental results.The mathematical statistics method was used to perform t-test on the data,it indicated that there was a significant difference when P<0.05,and it indicated that there was a very significant difference when P<0.01.Results:(1) From the perspective of homework duration,the homework time after the implementation of the "double reduction" policy was significantly reduced compared with that before the "double reduction" policy(P<0.01).(2) Under the background of the implementation of the "double reduction" policy,students’ eyesight after participating in physical exercise was improved,and compared with that before physical exercise,the naked eye vision in the right eye and naked eye vision in the left eye increased,and the results were significantly different(P<0.05).After physical exercise,the equivalent spherical degree of the right eye decreased,which was a very significantly difference compared with that before physical exercise(P<0.01),and the equivalent spherical degree of the left eye decreased,which was a very significantly difference compared with that before physical exercise(P<0.05).(3) After the implementation of the "double reduction" policy,the number of people who participated in the tutoring reduced significantly compared with that before the "double reduction" policy(P<0.01).Conclusion:After "double reduction",students’ outdoor activity time was extension,their after-school homework was reduced,their physical exercise was increased,their activity enthusiasm was increased,their after-school tutoring time was reduced,and these changes had a positive impact on the relief of students’ myopia.

关 键 词：“双减”政策 体育锻炼 作业负担 近视 

分 类 号：G846[文化科学—体育训练]