铁路货运分品类比价关系优化方法  

Optimization Method of Railway Freight Price Relations by Category and Price Relations

作　　者：肖楠 XIAO Nan(Institute of Economics and Management,China Railway Economic and Planning Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁路经济规划研究院有限公司经济与管理研究所,北京100038

出　　处：《中国铁路》2023年第2期60-65,共6页China Railway

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(J2021Z402)。

摘　　要：近年来铁路货物运价市场化改革不断深化,整车运输的矿物性建筑材料、金属制品、工业机械等12种货物品类运输价格已实行市场调节。运价市场化形势下,铁路运输企业需要分品类制定差别化价格运用策略,因此开展分品类货物的运价浮动管理是铁路运输企业的现实需要。在分析货运分品类比价系数现状基础上,运用模糊综合评价方法,选取运输成本、在途货物价值、平均运输距离、市场占有率、需求弹性5个指标作为影响铁路货运不同品类比价的主要因素,通过构建模型提出一种分品类比价关系优化方法。模型优化后的比价测算结果可以作为今后调整不同品类比价关系和调整运价号的参考。In recent years,as the market-oriented reform of railway freight rates has been continuously deepened,and the transport prices of 12 categories of goods,such as mineral building materials,metal products and industrial machinery,have been adjusted by the market correspondingly.In light of the situation,railway transport enterprises need to formulate differentiated price application strategies by category.Therefore,it is a practical requirement for railway transport enterprises to carry out floating freight rate management of goods by category.Based on the analysis of the current situation of freight price comparison coefficient by category,the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is adopted to select five indexes,namely transport cost,value of goods en route,average transport distance,market share and demand elasticity,as the main factors affecting the price relations of different categories of railway freight and an optimization method of price relations by category is proposed by establishing a model.The results of price comparison calculation after model optimization can be used as a reference for adjusting the price relations between different categories and adjusting the freight rate No.in future.

关 键 词：铁路 货运品类 运输价格 比价关系 优化方法 

分 类 号：F532[经济管理—产业经济]