波形控制器对杀伤战斗部破片飞散特性影响研究  

A study on the influence of wave shape controller on fragment scattering characteristics of fragmentation warhead

作　　者：刘伟 梁争峰[1] 阮喜军 屈可朋[1] LIU Wei;LIANG Zhengfeng;RUAN Xijun;QU Kepeng(Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi’an 710065,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《爆炸与冲击》2023年第2期74-86,共13页Explosion and Shock Waves

基　　金：国防重大基础研究专项(05020501)。

摘　　要：为提升杀伤战斗部破片轴向飞散的集中度,提高战斗部的轴向杀伤威力,提出使用波形控制器控制破片的飞散方向。基于爆轰波在波形控制器界面发生反射的规律以及Shapiro公式,设计了波形控制器的形状,使用LS-DYNA有限元软件和ALE(arbitrary Lagrange-Euler)算法对破片的飞散过程进行数值计算,结合战斗部原理样机静爆试验,验证了使用波形控制器改善破片飞散特性方法的合理性。对比了有无波形控制器时破片飞散过程的差异,对无波形控制器以及波形控制器材料分别为尼龙、聚氨酯和聚四氟乙烯(polytetrafluoroethylene,PTFE)时杀伤战斗部的破片飞散速度和破片飞散角规律进行了分析。结果表明:波形控制器可以减小战斗部中心和两端位置的破片飞散速度大小差异,使中心到两端位置的破片飞散方向角变化均匀,破片在轴向的分布更加均匀;不同材料的波形控制器对破片飞散特性影响不同,波形控制器的使用减小了破片飞散角,增大了破片分布密度,提升了破片飞散的集中度。破片飞散角数值计算值与试验计算值误差在6.53%之内,与无波形控制器的杀伤战斗部原理样机相比,含波形控制器且材料为尼龙、聚氨酯和PTFE的战斗部原理样机破片飞散角分别减小了40.00%、 44.00%和46.67%。In order to improve the uniformity of the fragments of the fragmentation warhead and enhance the axial lethality of the warhead, it was proposed to use a wave shape controller to control the scattering direction of the fragments. The shape of the wave shape controller was designed based on the law of detonation wave reflection at the wave shape controller interface and the Shapiro formula. The LS-DYNA software and ALE(arbitrary Lagrange-Euler) algorithm were used to numerically simulate the scattering process of fragments, and the static explosion test of the warhead prototype was carried out to verify the rationality of using the wave shape controller to improve the scattering characteristic of fragments. The difference in the fragment scattering processes with and without the wave shape controller were compared. The law of fragment scattering velocity and scattering angle of the warhead was analyzed and summarized when there was no wave shape controller and when the wave shape controller materials were nylon, polyurethane and PTFE(polytetrafluoroethylene), respectively. The results show that the wave shape controller can reduce the difference in the scattering velocities of the fragments between the center and both ends of the warhead, and evenly change the direction angles of the fragments scattering from the center to both ends,so that the fragments are distributed more uniformly along the axial direction. The wave shape controllers made of different materials have different effects on the scattering characteristics of the fragments, while the use of the wave shape controller reduces the fragment scattering velocity, reduces the fragment scattering angle, and increases the fragment distribution density.The error between the numerical calculation values and experimental values of fragment scattering angle is within 6.53%.Compared with that without a wave shape controller, the fragment scattering angles of the warhead prototypes with the wave shape controller and the material is nylon, polyurethane and PTFE red

关 键 词：杀伤战斗部 波形控制器 Shapiro公式 破片飞散特性 破片飞散速度 破片飞散角 

分 类 号：O389[理学—流体力学]