一种基于遗传算法的地铁车辆大修排产算法  

Overhaul Scheduling Approach for Metro Vehicles Based on Genetic Algorithms

作　　者：王丙景 李冰鑫 WANG Bingjing;LI Bingxin(Shanghai Rail Transportation Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201111,China)

机构地区：[1]上海轨道交通设备发展有限公司,上海201111

出　　处：《控制与信息技术》2023年第1期19-25,共7页CONTROL AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

基　　金：中国中车股份有限公司科技研究开发计划(2021CCB176)。

摘　　要：地铁车辆大修作业排产需考虑检修台位、设备、人员等多种因素。为了在既有资源条件下降低检修设备、场地的空闲等待时间,提高检修车间的检修吞吐量,文章以某企业大修车间为背景,对轨道交通车辆大修过程进行分析总结,提出了一种基于遗传算法的地铁车辆大修排产算法,从场地、设备、时间角度优化检修资源配置。该算法利用评价函数将列车大修排产问题转化为优化检修流程资源配置问题,借助遗传算法内在的并行性和全局寻优能力对检修流程资源进行优化组合,并以得到的最优染色体作为列车大修排产的最终结果。文章分析了该排产算法的复杂度及适用范围,并进行了车辆大修排产实验。实验结果显示,该排产算法能够在1 h内得到排产方案,相较耗时数天的人工排产方法,其大大减轻了人员劳动强度,有效提高了设备利用率;且通过合理配置检修车间的检修区资源,车辆大修总体耗时约能减少40%。It is necessary to schedule overhaul of metro vehicles in consideration of many factors, such as maintenance positions, equipment and manpower. In order to reduce the idle time of maintenance equipment and workplace, and improve the throughput of maintenance workshops under the available resource conditions taking the overhaul workshop of an enterprise as an example, this paper analyzes and summarizes the overhaul process of rail transit vehicles, and proposes an overhaul scheduling approach based on the genetic algorithm to optimize the allocation of maintenance resources from the perspective of workplace,equipment and time. In this scheduling approach, an evaluation function is applied to transform the train overhaul scheduling into the tasks to optimize the resource allocation for the overhaul process, and the resource allocation to the overhaul process is optimized leveraging the inherent parallelism and global optimization ability of the genetic algorithm, and the optimal chromosome is deemed as the final result of the overhaul scheduling. This paper also analyzes the complexity and scope of application of the proposed scheduling algorithm, and comprises the overhaul scheduling experiment. The experimental results show that a schedule can be generated within one hour using this algorithm, which greatly reduces the labor intensity compared with the manual scheduling that takes several days, and effectively improve the equipment utilization rate;moreover, by reasonably allocating the maintenance resources of the maintenance workshop, the total time spent on vehicle overhaul can be reduced by about 40%.

关 键 词：城市轨道交通 遗传算法 地铁车辆大修 综合排产 

分 类 号：U269.9[机械工程—车辆工程]