不同地区枣树干腐病病原鉴定及多样性分析  

Identification and diversity analysis of fungal pathogen of jujube dry rot in different areas

作　　者：孟颢光[1] 魏晨星 祁魏峥 文才艺[1] 王留超 万鑫茹 臧睿[1] 赵莹 MENG Haoguang;WEI Chenxing;QI Weizheng;WEN Caiyi;WANG Liuchao;WAN Xinru;ZANG Rui;ZHAO Ying(College of Plant Protection,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Managing Department of Afforestation Engineering of Zhengzhou,Zhengzhou 450006,China;Xinzheng Forestry Bureau of Henan Province,Xinzheng 451100,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学植物保护学院,郑州450002 [2]郑州市绿化工程管理处,郑州450006 [3]河南省新郑市林业局,新郑451100

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2023年第2期108-114,共7页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(31901934,31301609)。

摘　　要：为有效防控枣树干腐病,以47株不同来源的枣树干腐病斑分离物为材料,采用ITS和EF-1α基因序列比对分析以及室内接种方法,对枣树干腐病病原菌进行鉴定,并分析其分布特点及致病力差异。结果显示,47株不同来源的枣树干腐病病原菌包括葡萄座腔菌(Botryosphaeria dothidea)、希氏座腔菌(Spencermartinsia viticola)、平截色二孢(Diplodia mutila)、色二孢菌(D. seriata)和火炬树暗葡腔菌(Phaeobotryon rhois)5个种,其中,S. viticola的分离频率最高,约65.96%,B. dothidea的分离频率次之,为17.02%;河南和河北的优势病原菌分别为葡萄座腔菌(B. dothidea)和色二孢菌(D. seriata),山西、甘肃和宁夏的优势病原菌均为希氏座腔菌(S. viticola);枣树干腐病的5种病原菌中B. dothidea的致病力最强,P. rhois的致病力最弱;病原菌S. viticola在山西和河北的分离株致病力较强,在河南、宁夏和甘肃的分离株致病力较弱。以上研究表明,枣树干腐病的病原主要由5种葡萄座腔科的真菌组成,不同地域的优势病原菌存在差异;此外,不同地区的同种病原菌的菌株间致病力存在差异,同一地区的不同种病原菌株间的致病力也有差异。In order to effectively control jujube dry rot disease,47 fungal isolates of jujube dry rot plaques from different sources were identified and characterized by using sequence analysis of internal tran⁃scribed spacer(ITS)and elongation factor 1α(EF-1α)genes and indoor inoculation method,and their distribution characteristics and virulence differences were analyzed.The distribution characteristics and dif⁃ferences in pathogenicity were also studied.The results showed that Botryosphaeria dothidea,Spencermar⁃tinsia viticola,Diplodia mutila,D.seriata,and Phaeobotryon rhois were identified as the major pathogens causing jujube dry rot.Among them,the isolation frequency of S.viticola was the highest(65.96%),fol⁃lowed by that of B.dothidea(17.02%).The dominant pathogens were different in different regions.B.do⁃thidea and D.seriata were the predominant species in Henan and Hebei areas,and S.viticola was the pre⁃dominant species in Shanxi,Gansu,and Ningxia areas.The pathogenicity of different pathogens to jujube tree was different,and the results indicated that the pathogenicity of B.dothidea was the highest and that of P.rhois was the weakest.The results of this study showed that the pathogens of jujube dry rot were mainly composed of 5 species in the Botryosphaericeae family,and the dominant pathogens were different in differ⁃ent regions.In terms of pathogenicity,the pathogenicity of different strains of the same pathogen varies in different regions,and the pathogenicity of different strains of pathogens in the same region also varies.The results of this study provide reference for the precise prevention and control of jujube dry rot in different ar⁃eas.

关 键 词：枣树干腐病 病原真菌 病原鉴定 致病力 地域差异 

分 类 号：S436.6[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]