仔猪喂奶系统设计与输送管道优化  

Design and experiment of piglet feeding system and transmission pipeline optimization

作　　者：吴壮壮 牛智有[1] 刘梅英[1] 刘静[1] 李洪成 WU Zhuangzhuang;NIU Zhiyou;LIU Meiying;LIU Jing;LI Hongcheng(College of Engineering,Huazhong Agricultural University/Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Smart Farming for Agricultural Animals,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学工学院/农业农村部智慧养殖技术重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2023年第2期216-223,共8页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2662019PY065)。

摘　　要：针对当前仔猪喂奶自动化水平程度较低,劳动强度较大、饲喂效率低下这一问题,设计一种仔猪喂奶系统,开发以PLC控制器为核心的自动控制系统,实现仔猪喂奶过程中加水、控温、搅拌和饲喂等操作的自动化控制,并应用CFD数值模拟探究管径、管道材质、入口温度和管道流速对奶水输送管道压力分布及温度分布的影响,依据仿真结果确定了输送管路的基础参数值,即管道材质为PPR材质、管径为6分管(外径25 mm,壁厚2.8 mm)和管道流速为0.8 m/s。性能试验表明:仔猪配奶罐温度控制精度的平均相对误差为0.91%,温度变化幅度保持在±1℃;仔猪配奶罐温度控制稳定性试验的温度样本标准差为0.226 3℃,变异系数为0.499%;仔猪饲喂点的温度分布范围在36~45℃;仔猪喂奶器压力分布范围在28.36~53.20 kPa。研究结果表明,该仔猪喂奶系统可以正常实现供水、搅拌、加热、循环和排水等功能,各饲喂点的管道压力及温度分布均满足仔猪饲喂要求。Aiming at the problems of low automation level,high labor intensity and low feeding effi⁃ciency of piglet feeding,a piglet feeding system was designed,and an automatic control system with PLC controller as the core was developed to realize the automatic control of water addition,temperature con⁃trol,stirring and feeding in the process of piglet feeding.The effects of pipe diameter,pipe material,inlet temperature and pipe flow rate on the pressure distribution and temperature distribution of milk water pipe⁃line were investigated by CFD numerical simulation.Based on the simulation results,the basic parameters of the pipeline were determined,namely,the pipe material was PPR material,the pipe diameter was 6 branch pipeline(external diameter was 25 mm,wall thickness was 2.8 mm)and the pipe flow rate was 0.8 m/s.The performance test showed that the average relative error of the temperature control accuracy of the piglet milk jar was 0.91%,and the temperature variation was maintained at±1°C.The standard deviation of temperature sample was 0.2263℃,and the coefficient of variation was 0.499%;the temperature range of piglets feeding point was 36-45℃;the pressure distribution of piglet feeder ranged was 28.36-53.20 kPa.The results showed that the piglet feeding system could normally realize the functions of water supply,stir⁃ring,heating,circulation and drainage.The pipe pressure and temperature distribution at each feeding point met the requirements of piglet feeding.This study has important practical significance and application pros⁃pect for improving the level of feeding automation and feeding management of piglets.

关 键 词：哺乳仔猪 喂奶系统 配奶罐 输送管道 CFD数值模拟 智慧养殖 

分 类 号：S817.3[农业科学—畜牧学]