嫦娥五号任务月球样品存储处理制备方法研究  

Study on the storage,processing and preparation of lunar samples returned by the Chang’E-5 mission

作　　者：张广良[1,2] 张洪波 李春来[1,2,3] 刘建军 周琴[1,2] 刘斌 刘大卫[1,2] 董铭淳 左维 任鑫[1,2] 汪赞 ZHANG GuangLiang;ZHANG HongBo;LI ChunLai;LIU JianJun;ZHOU Qin;LIU Bin;LIU DaWei;DONG MingChun;ZUO Wei;REN Xin;WANG Zan(National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家天文台,北京100101 [2]月球与深空探测重点实验室,北京100101 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》2023年第3期68-76,共9页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：中国科学院重点部署项目(编号:ZDBS-SSW-JSC007-1);国家自然科学基金(编号:11941002)资助。

摘　　要：嫦娥五号任务实现了我国首次月面自动采样返回,地面应用系统承担了样品的存储处理和研究任务,建设的样品实验室能够集中存储、处理和制备原始月球样品,实现了月球样品的地面高纯氮气环境长期存储和处理.嫦娥五号任务获得的样品包括两类:表取样和钻取样,本文针对不同样品进行了详细的存储、处理、制备方法和流程研究.样品进入地面应用系统月球样品实验室后,分为样品处理、样品存储和样品制备三个阶段进行工作,包括密封封装装置解封、样品分样(钻取样分样和表取样分样)、样品存储(表取样存储和钻取样存储)和样品制备等流程.其中,通过封装装置解封处理,顺利取出表取样和钻取样初级密封容器.通过表取样和钻取样分样操作,获得了永久存储样、异地备份存储样、工程展示样和科学研究样等.这些样品按照本文的存储方法被分别存储在不同位置的不同设备中.而科学研究样和部分工程展示样按照本文的制备方法被制成光片样,保证能够获得基础样品信息的同时,又不会破坏样品的最初特征.制备的样品将用于月球样品基本物理化学性质分析和基本特征信息描述,为后续月球样品的科学研究提供重要的样品信息和技术支撑.The Chang’E-5 mission realized China’s first automatic lunar surface sampling return.The Ground Research and Application System is responsible for storing,preparing,and processing the returned lunar samples.The constructed Lunar Sample Laboratory has storage,processing,and preparation functions for the original lunar samples and is capable of long-term sample storage and processing in an environment of high-purity nitrogen on Earth.The Chang’E-5 mission returned two types of samples:scooped and drilled samples.This study developed detailed storage,preparation,and processing protocols for different types of samples.Three working stages will be carried out after the sample is returned to the Lunar Sample Laboratory,including sample processing,storage,and preparation.The detailed procedure involves unsealing the sealed packaging device,separating the scooped and drilled samples,storing the drilled and scooped samples,and preparing the samples.The primary sealed containers for scooped and drilled samples were successfully extracted via a designed unsealing process.Samples for permanent storage,backup storage,engineering display,and scientific research were obtained using the division method for scooped and drilled samples.The samples are stored in different equipments at different locations according to the designed storage method in this study.Scientific samples and some display samples were polished into sections according to the designed preparation method to ensure that the basic sample information can be obtained without destroying the original characteristics of the samples.The prepared samples will be used to analyze their physical and chemical properties and describe their basic characteristics,which can provide important information and technical support for subsequent scientific research.

关 键 词：嫦娥五号任务 月球样品 样品存储 样品处理 样品制备 

分 类 号：V476.3[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] P184.5[天文地球—天文学]