嫦娥五号探测器精细开环测速及空间引力红移验证设计分析  

High-accuracy open-loop velocity measurement and gravitational redshift verification design analysis based on the Chang’E-5 probe

作　　者：陈略[1,2,3] 李文潇 李海涛[4] 金洪波[3] 孔静 王美[1] 路伟涛[1,2] 杨小锋[1] 谢剑锋 CHEN Lue;LI WenXiao;LI HaiTao;JIN HongBo;KONG Jing;WANG Mei;LU WeiTao;YANG XiaoFeng;XIE JianFeng(Beijing Aerospace Control Center,Beijing 100094,China;National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aerospace Flight Dynamics,Beijing 100094,China;National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunication Technology,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航天飞行控制中心,北京100094 [2]航天飞行动力学技术国家级重点实验室,北京100094 [3]中国科学院国家天文台,北京100101 [4]北京跟踪与通信技术研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学》2023年第3期118-128,共11页Scientia Sinica Physica,Mechanica & Astronomica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:11973015,11833001);国家重点基础研究发展计划(编号:2021YFA0715100,2021YFA0715101)资助项目。

摘　　要：嫦娥五号(CE-5)任务具有天地联合的优势测控资源,为地基无线电测量新方法验证、工程应用与科学研究提供了优越条件.本文重点开展CE-5探测器开环测速精细提取及应用.首先,提出了基于信号重构互相关的开环测速多普勒频率提取算法,建立了从信号输入、信号处理到观测量输出的完整实现步骤;然后,基于中国深空网开展了CE-5轨道器开环测速试验,经信号处理分析结果表明:CE-5轨道器开环测速精度达到2–3 mHz水平,优于深空站基带测速精度3–4倍;其次,通过CE-5轨道器精密定轨,有效验证开环测速观测量应用效果,结果表明:开环测速的定轨残差为0.12 mm/s,基带测速的定轨残差为0.46 mm/s;最后,提出了基于深空探测器的多体问题引力红移验证方法,从理论上分析了高精度开环测速在引力红移验证方面潜在应用可行性,初步设计了引力红移验证设想方案,以现有CE-5轨道器开环测速结果为依据,建议开展引力红移验证专项试验,有望实现10-4–10-5水平的引力红移验证精度.The Chang’E 5(CE-5)mission has excellent telemetry,tracking,and control resources,providing convenient conditions for verifying new ground-based radio measurement methods,engineering applications,and scientific research.This paper focuses on the open-loop velocity measurement and application of the CE-5 probe.First,an open-loop Doppler frequency extraction algorithm based on signal reconstruction cross-correlation was proposed,and the complete implementation steps from signal input and signal processing to observation output were established.Second,the CE-5 open-loop velocity measurement experiment was performed based on the China deep space station,and the CE-5 downlink signals were processed and analyzed.The results show that the open-loop Doppler measurement accuracy of the CE-5 orbiter reaches the level of 2–3 MHz,which is 3–4 times better than the baseband Doppler measurement accuracy of the deep space station.Third,the high-accuracy orbit determination effectively verifies the applicability of open-loop velocity measurement.The results show that the orbit determination residual of open-loop velocity measurement is 0.12 mm/s,and the orbit determination residual of baseband velocity measurement is 0.46 mm/s.Finally,the gravitational redshift verification method for the multibody problem was proposed,and the potential application feasibility of gravitational redshift verification based on open-loop velocity measurement was theoretically analyzed.The verification experiment scheme was preliminarily designed.Based on the open-loop velocity measurement results of the existing CE-5 orbiter,a special experiment for gravitational redshift verification can be designed,and the gravitational redshift detection accuracy is expected to achieve the level of 10-4to 10-5.

关 键 词：嫦娥五号 开环测速 引力红移 精度 

分 类 号：V476.3[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]