东北早粳稻在浙东南地区产量、品质及生育特性表现  

Performance of Grain Yield, Quality and Growth Characteristics of Early Japonica Rice from Northeast China Planted in Zhejiang Southern Region

作　　者：王旭辉 何贤彪[2] 欧阳由男[3] 徐强强 虞鹏程 齐文 蒋海凌 朱德峰[3] 秦叶波 WANG Xuhui;HE Xianbiao;OUYANG Younan;XU Qiangqiang;YU Pengcheng;QI Wen;JIANG Hailing;ZHU Defeng;QIN Yebo(Jiaojiang District Agricultrual Technology Extension Center,Taizhou,Zhejiang 318000,China;Taizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Linhai,Zhejiang 317000,China;China National Rice Research Institute,Hangzhou 310006,China;Zhejiang Agricultrual Technology Extension Center,Hangzhou 310020,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省台州市椒江区农业技术推广中心,浙江台州318000 [2]浙江省台州市农业科学研究院,浙江临海317000 [3]中国水稻研究所,杭州310006 [4]浙江省农业技术推广中心,杭州310020

出　　处：《中国稻米》2023年第2期65-70,80,共7页China Rice

基　　金：台州市科技研发项目(20ny07)。

摘　　要：为筛选适宜在浙东南地区栽培的早粳稻品种,以引进的9个东北早粳稻品种和本地主栽早籼稻中早39(对照)为材料,在早稻季开展大田品种筛选试验,观察不同早粳稻在浙东南地区的产量和米质表现,并从生育期、秧苗素质、分蘖成穗特性和温光资源利用等方面进行比较分析。结果表明,相较CK,9个参试早粳稻平均减产14.5%,仅珍宝岛1号增产且达显著水平,减产原因与每穗粒数显著降低有关;早粳稻的加工品质(除整精米率)、外观品质和蒸煮品质均优于中早39,主要表现在糙米率、垩白粒率、垩白度、透明度、胶稠度和直链淀粉含量等指标上;与中早39相比,早粳稻的生育时期提前、生育期缩短,秧苗素质提高,分蘖能力强而成穗率略降,日照时数和有效积温生产效率略降而有效积温明显提高。综合比较试验结果,珍宝岛1号、龙粳18-2、龙粳1656、空育131、通35等5个早粳稻适宜在浙东南地区作双季早稻栽培。A field variety screening experiment was carried out in the early rice season with 9 representative early japonica rice varieties from Northeast China and local main early indica rice Zhongzao 39(control) as materials to screen early japonica rice varieties suitable for cultivation in Southeast Zhejiang. The grain yield and rice quality of different early japonica rice varieties in Southeast Zhejiang were observed, and the perspectives of the growth period, seedlings quality, tillering characteristics, and utilization of temperature and sunshine resources were compared. The results showed that the average yield of the 9 early japonica rice varieties tested was 14.5% lower than that of the control, only Zhenbaodao 1 increased and reached a significant level compared with Zhongzao39. The reason for the reduction was related to the significant reduction of grains per panicle. The processing quality(except head milled rice rate), appearance quality and cooking quality of early japonica rice were better than those of the control, mainly in the indexes of brown rice rate, chalky grain rate, chalkiness, transparency, gel consistency and amylose content. Compared with Zhongzao39, the growth stages of early japonica rice were advanced and the growth period was shortened, the seedling quality was improved, the tillering ability was strong, and the effective tiller percentage, the sunshine hours and the effective accumulated temperature production efficiency were slightly decreased, but the effective accumulated temperature was significantly increased.According to the results of comprehensive comparative tests, Zhenbaodao 1, Longgeng 18-2, Longgeng 1656, Kongyu 131 and Tong35 were suitable cultivated for double-cropping early rice in Southeast of Zhejiang.

关 键 词：早粳稻 产量 稻米品质 生育特性 浙东南地区 

分 类 号：S511.037[农业科学—作物学]