不同产量水平寒地早粳稻品种的株型特征  

Plant-type Characteristics in Different Yield Early Japonica Rice Varieties in Cold Region

作　　者：王士强 贺登美 赵海红[3] 杨善伟 衣玉卓 付永明 郑树生[5] 丁希武[2] 何晴 郑凯文 杜庭庭 谷天月 唐欣然 汪洋 潘国君[6] WANG Shiqiang;HE Dengmei;ZHAO Haihong;YANG Shanwei;YI Yuzhuo;FU Yongming;ZHENG Shusheng;DING Xiwu;HE Qing;ZHENG Kaiwen;DU Tingting;GU Tianyue;TANG Xinran;WANG Yang;PAN Guojun(Postdoctoral Scientific Research Station,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150086,China;College of Agricultural Science and Technology,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319,China;Jiamusi Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jiamusi,Heilongjiang 154007,China;Jiamusi Academy and Rural Bureau,Jiamusi,Heilongjiang 154007,China;Laboratory Equipment Management Center,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319,China;Jiamusi Rice Research Institute,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jiamusi,Heilongjiang 154026,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院博士后科研工作站,哈尔滨150086 [2]黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院,黑龙江大庆163319 [3]黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯分院,黑龙江佳木斯154007 [4]黑龙江省佳木斯市农业农村局,黑龙江佳木斯154002 [5]黑龙江八一农垦大学实验设备管理中心,黑龙江大庆163319 [6]黑龙江省农业科学院水稻研究所,黑龙江佳木斯154026

出　　处：《中国稻米》2023年第2期71-75,共5页China Rice

基　　金：黑龙江省大庆市指导性科技计划项目(zd-2020-43);黑龙江八一农垦大学学成、引进人才科研启动计划项目(XYB201906);黑龙江八一农垦大学试验示范基地项目(2041200152);国家大学生创新创业项目(202110223009);2021年度黑龙江八一农垦大学教学研究课题(NDJY1601);黑龙江省农垦总局重点科研项目指导计划(HKKYZD190203)。

摘　　要：为探明寒地早粳稻超高产株型特征,选用700~800 kg/667 m^(2)、600~700 kg/667 m^(2)、500~600 kg/667 m^(2)和400~500 kg/667 m^(2)4个产量水平的48个主栽品种和苗头品系,研究其穗型、叶片和茎秆特征的差异。结果表明,700~800 kg/667 m^(2)水平的早粳稻每穗干质量和着粒密度较高,剑叶、倒2叶和倒3叶叶基角及剑叶披垂度大,后4片叶的叶长序表现为倒2>倒3>倒4>剑叶,剑叶、倒2叶、倒3叶和倒4叶较宽,在合理范围内增加株高,但必须缩短倒4节间长度。相关分析表明,产量与每穗干质量、剑叶和倒2叶叶宽、倒3叶叶长和叶宽、倒4叶叶长和叶宽呈极显著正相关,与秆长、抽穗期和蜡熟期株高呈显著正相关。The objective of the study was to determine the plant-type characteristics of super high yielding early japonica rice.In this study,panicle traits,leaf traits,and culm traits of plant were investigated using 48 rice cultivars and advanced lines from Heilongjiang Province at grain yield levels of 700-800 kg/667 m^(2),600-700 kg/667 m^(2),500-600 kg/667 m^(2),and 400-500 kg/667 m^(2).The results showed that the plant-type characteristics of super high yielding early japonica rice were as follows:higher spike weight and density of panicle,wider flag leaf,second leaf from top,third leaf from top and fourth leaf from top with great basic angle and dropping angle,second leaf length from top﹥third leaf length from top﹥fourth leaf length from top﹥flag leaf length,higher plant height in certain extent,and shorter top fourth internode.The correlation analysis results showed that yield was significantly positively correlated with spike weight,density of panicle,width of flag leaf and second leaf from top,third leaf length and width from top,and fourth leaf length and width from top,positively correlated with culm length,and plant height at heading stage and dough grain stage.

关 键 词：早粳稻 超高产 株型特征 寒地 

分 类 号：S511.037[农业科学—作物学]