碳交易与“碳税”的减排效应及作用路径研究  

Carbon Trading and“Carbon Tax”Emission Reduction Effect and Action Path

作　　者：刘海英[1] 钟莹 LIU Hai-ying;ZHONG Ying(Center for uantitative Economics,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China;School of Business and Management,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学数量经济研究中心,长春130012 [2]吉林大学商学与管理学院,长春130012

出　　处：《商业研究》2023年第1期98-107,共10页Commercial Research

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“‘十四五’时期环境约束推动产业平稳、绿色低碳发展的机制与路径研究”,项目编号:21ZDA006;国家社科基金项目“环境规制促进我国工业绿色转型作用路径研究”,项目编号:20BJY102;吉林大学基本科研业务费“碳达峰碳中和”哲学社会科学研究专项项目,项目编号:2022ST02。

摘　　要：碳排放权交易和碳税是降低碳排放的主要市场化手段。本文采用双重差分空间杜宾模型(SDM-DID)和中介效应检验对其减排效应、空间溢出效应以及作用路径进行检验。研究发现,我国碳排放在空间上存在显著的正相关性,存在高-高排放、低-低排放地区聚集的空间特征;两种碳减排政策在考虑空间关联性后仍然具有显著的减排效果,其中碳排放权交易存在正向的空间溢出效应,试点省份周边地区能借助试点省份的政策红利实现碳减排,而“碳税”的空间溢出效应为负,存在“污染天堂”现象,碳排放权交易能通过促进工业结构低碳转型、改善能源结构来实现碳减排,“碳税”能通过提高能源效率和改善能源消费结构来减少碳排放。Carbon Emission Trading(CET)and Carbon Taxes(CT)are typical representatives of market-based measures.This article uses the Spatial Durbin Model-Differences in Differnces(SDM-DID)to re-examine the emission reduction effects of CET and CT.Simultaneously,evaluate the spatial spillover effects of the two carbon emission reduction policies,and further test the mediation effects of their transmission mechanisms.The results found that:China’s carbon emissions have a significant positive spatial correlation,and at the same time have a positive spatial spillover effect.There are spatial characteristics of high-emission and high-emission regions,and low-emission and low-emission regions.The two carbon emission reduction policies of CET and CT still have significant emission reduction effects after considering the spatial correlation.Among them,the emission reduction effect of CET trading has positive spatial spillover effects.With the help of the pilot province’s policy dividends,carbon emissions have been significantly reduced by regions.On the contrary,the spatial spillover effect of CT is negative,and the increase in the intensity of carbon tax collection in the surrounding areas will increase local carbon emissions,creating a“pollution paradise”phenomenon.Carbon emission rights trading can achieve carbon emission reduction by promoting low-carbon transformation of the industrial structure and improving the energy structure,and carbon taxes can improve energy efficiency and energy efficiency,consumption structure to reduce carbon emissions.

关 键 词：碳排放权交易 碳税 空间双重差分 空间溢出 作用路径 

分 类 号：F832.5[经济管理—金融学]