基于认知地图比较的乡村文化记忆主客感知维度研究——以云南省丽江市玉湖村为例  

Research on Subjective and Objective Perception Dimensions of Rural Cultural Memory Based on Cognitive Map Comparison:Taking Yuhu Village,Lijiang City,Yunnan Province as an Example

作　　者：朱妙园[1] 华红莲[1] 杨慧[1] 汤恩萍[1] ZHU Miaoyuan;HUA Honglian;YANG Hui;TANG Enping(Faculty of Geography,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学地理学部,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《旅游研究》2023年第2期28-41,共14页Tourism Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“多元根隐喻认识论下哈尼梯田人地关系的变化、机制及遗产保护研究”(41861030)。

摘　　要：乡村文化认同是构成乡村发展的文化心理基础,利于集体意识及文化共同体的形成。研究以乡村文化记忆为逻辑起点,采用认知地图、问卷调查方法探究“主客”视角下的感知维度及感知差异。通过图示提取空间因子比较及数据统计分析得知,“主客”在空间维度感知上:主客感知最强烈的均为标志物,村要素高于景要素;居民的空间因子的出现频率、空间点位置、结构的感知均高于游客。在文化维度感知上:居民文化感知的空间因子较游客丰富,感知空间类型的强弱差异显著;居民偏重村落村民自身的意义中心,即构建社会关系、承载地方记忆的媒介,而游客偏重对外宣传游赏度较高,更能向外展示玉湖村文化的空间。在情感维度感知上:居民的情感空间因子出现频数高于游客,且数量多于游客;情感维度感知的主客差异说明不同空间在联系、维系和巩固地方情感认同和地方依恋上具有不同功能。Rural cultural identity constitutes the cultural and psychological foundation of rural development and is conducive to the formation of collective consciousness and cultural community.Taking rural cultural memory as a logical starting point,this paper uses cognitive maps and questionnaires to explore the perception dimension and perception difference from the perspective of“subject and object”.Through the comparison of spatial factors extracted from the diagram and the statistical analysis of data,it is known that in terms of spatial dimension perception of“host and guest”the strongest perception of host and guest are markers,and the village element is higher than the scene element;the appearance of the spatial factor of the residents The perception of frequency,spatial point location and structure is higher than that of tourists;in terms of cultural dimension perception:the spatial factors of residents cultural perception are more abundant than those of tourists,and the difference in the strength of perceived spatial types is significant;the residents prefer villages themselves.The centre of meaning is the medium that builds social relationships and carries local memory,while tourists prefer to publicize the space that has a higher degree of appreciation and can better display the culture of Yuhu Village.In terms of emotional dimension perception:Residents emotional space factor The frequency of occurrence is higher than that of tourists,and the number is more than that of tourists;The difference between the subject and the object of emotional dimension perception indicates that different spaces have different functions in connecting,maintaining and consolidating place emotional identity and place attachment.

关 键 词：认知地图 文化记忆空间 感知维度 主客视角 

分 类 号：F59[经济管理—旅游管理]