高亮度铺装层对隧道中间段行车安全的影响  

Influence of high brightness pavement layer on driving safety in middle section of tunnel

作　　者：冯学茂 覃仲 武建民[3] 张恒聪 左闪 赫海涛 FENG Xue-mao;QIN Zhong;WU Jian-min;ZHANG Heng-cong;ZUO Shan;HE Hai-tao(School of Civil Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,Hunan,China;Guangxi New Development Transportation Group Co.,Nanning 530029,Guangxi,China;School of Highway,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710064,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]广西新发展交通集团有限公司,广西南宁530029 [3]长安大学公路学院,陕西西安710064

出　　处：《长安大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第1期92-100,共9页Journal of Chang’an University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：2021年度广西壮族自治区交通运输行业重点科技项目。

摘　　要：为研究高亮度铺装层对隧道中间段行车安全的影响,以路面反光效果和驾驶人视觉特性为基础设计了对比试验;通过不同光学仪器,测量3种高亮度铺装层的光学参数,研究其高亮度性能;通过照明计算软件和三维建模软件,制作了3种高亮度铺装层隧道内仿真驾驶视频;通过驾驶模拟器系统,采用眼动试验进行不同铺装层隧道内的模拟驾驶,收集驾驶人在不同铺装层隧道内驾驶的眼动数据,以相对安全距离、驾驶人对障碍物注视持续时间和驾驶人瞳孔直径作为生理和心理指标,研究驾驶人在高亮度铺装层隧道中间段驾驶的眼动特性;通过驾乘体验问卷调查,收集驾驶人在不同铺装层隧道内驾驶的主观感受,综合评价了3种高亮度铺装层对隧道中间段行车安全的影响。结果表明:高亮度铺装层具有良好的反光效果,钛白粉的掺加对高亮度铺装层的高亮度性能有较好提升作用,钛白粉掺量(质量分数,下同)为70%的高亮度铺装层A反光效果最佳,隧道中段行车安全性与铺装层的反光效果呈正相关,使用反光效果较好的高亮度铺装层有助于驾驶人在驾驶过程中更早发现障碍物、更容易辨别障碍物,有利于提高隧道中间段的行车安全性;隧道中段行车视觉舒适性与铺装层的反光效果呈负相关,使用高亮度铺装层后隧道内路面反射光线强烈,对驾驶人的视觉舒适度有一定影响。To study the influence of high-brightness pavement layer on driving safety in the middle section of tunnel,a transverse contrast test was designed based on the reflective effect of road surface and drivers'visual characteristics,the optical of the three kinds of high-brightness pavement layers were measured with different optical instruments,and the brightness performance of the three kinds of high-brightness pavement layers were studied,three kinds of high brightness pavement layer tunnel simulation driving videos were made through lighting calculation software and 3Dmodeling software,the eye-movement data of drivers when they drive in different paving layer tunnels were collected,through using the driving simulator system and adopting the eye movement experiment to conduct simulated driving in different paving layer tunnels.The eye movement characteristics of drivers when they drive in the middle section of high-brightness pavement layer tunnels were studied,through taking the duration of driver's gaze on obstacles and the driver's pupil diameter as the physiological and psychological indicators under a relatively safe distance.The driver's subjective feelings when they take a tunnel drive at different paving layers were obtained through the questionnaire survey of driving experience,and the driving safety of three high-brightness pavement layers on the middle section of the tunnel was comprehensively evaluated.The results show that the high-brightness pavement layer has a good reflective effect,the addition of titanium dioxide has a better effect on the high brightness performance of high-brightness pavement layer,high-brightness pavement layer A with 70%titanium dioxide content(mass fraction,the same below)has the best reflective effect.The driving safety in the middle part of the tunnel is positively correlated with the reflective effect of paving layer.The using of high-brightness pavement layer with better reflective effect can help drivers find obstacles earlier and identify obstacles more easily in their

关 键 词：隧道工程 行车安全性 高亮度铺装层 眼动特性 钛白粉 反光效果 

分 类 号：U454[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]