复杂截面上盖式地下隧道空间火灾烟气扩散规律及防火隔墙优化  

Smoke diffusion characteristics and optimization of fire partition walls of underground tunnel with complex cross section

作　　者：刘春 曾田胜 龚光彩[2] 方曦 石星 王洪顺 淳良 LIU Chun;ZENG Tian-sheng;GONG Guang-cai;FANG Xi;SHI Xing;WANG Hong-shun;CHUN Liang(Guangdong Highway Construction Co.,LTD,Guangzhou 510000,Guangdong,China;School of Civil Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省公路建设有限公司,广东广州510000 [2]湖南大学土木工程学院,湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《长安大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第1期113-122,共10页Journal of Chang’an University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：湖南省重点领域研发计划项目(2020DK2003);湖南省科技成果转化及产业化计划项目(2020GK2077)。

摘　　要：为解决复杂截面上盖式地下隧道空间通风防火隔墙设置问题,将隧道空间划分为单一空间、多个组合空间、3个组合空间以及4个组合空间,通过CFD仿真计算得到不同隧道空间防火隔墙设置方案下火灾烟气扩散规律,结合模拟结果提出合理的防火隔墙优化方案,并在实际项目中实施。同时,对比分析主桥设置防火隔墙和不设置防火隔墙的火灾烟气扩散规律。研究结果表明:复杂截面上盖式地下隧道空间内不设置隔墙会造成烟气朝多个方向无组织扩散,严重影响位置较高行车面的人员安全。设置过多的隔墙会减小火灾在隧道内部的扩散空间,致使烟气较快地扩散到整个立交隧道空间,从而减少人员逃生时间,产生安全隐患。在主桥边界位置处设置隔墙可以将隧道划分为3个相对独立的空间,既可以避免烟气无组织扩散,又可以保障隧道有足够大的空间和足够长的逃生时间。双向行车的主桥中间设置隔墙(4个组合空间)有利于在火灾工况下为人员争取更多的逃生时间。故最优方案为将整个上盖式地下隧道空间分割为4个组合空间,即在匝道与主桥连接处分别设置2道隔墙,并在主桥中间加设1道隔墙。该研究为复杂截面上盖式地下隧道空间通风防火隔墙分区设计提供了参考依据,并且指导了实际工程应用。To solve complex section cover type underground tunnel space ventilation problems setting up the fire partition, the underground was divided into single tunnel space, multiple composite space, space combination space of three and four combinations, through CFD simulation calculation under different tunnel space set fire partition scheme to diffusion regularity of fire smoke, combined with the simulation results reasonable fire partition optimization scheme was put forward, and implemented in actual projects. At the same time, the fire smoke diffusion law of the main bridge with and without fire partition wall was compared and analyzed. The results show that no partition wall is set in the space of the underground tunnel with complex cross section, which will cause the disorganized diffusion of smoke in multiple directions, and seriously affect the safety of people at higher position. Setting too many partitions will reduce the diffusion space of fire inside the tunnel, resulting in the rapid diffusion of smoke to the entire overpass tunnel space, thus reducing the escape time of personnel, resulting in safety hazards. The partition wall at the boundary of the main bridge can divide the tunnel into three relatively independent spaces, which can not only avoid the disorganized diffusion of smoke, but also ensure the tunnel has enough space and long enough escape time. The partition wall(four combined spaces) in the middle of the main bridge with two-way traffic is beneficial to strive for more escape time for personnel under fire condition, and then the scheme of setting fire partition wall on the main bridge is put forward. Therefore, the optimal scheme is to divide the whole underground tunnel space into four combined spaces, that is, two partition walls are respectively set at the junction between the ramp and the main bridge, and another partition wall is set in the middle of the main bridge. This study provides a reference for the design of space ventilation fire partition wall of underground tunnel with compl

关 键 词：隧道工程 复杂截面 上盖式地下隧道空间 火灾烟气 通风 防灾 防火隔墙 

分 类 号：U456.33[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]