数智时代我国面临的主要就业风险及治理路径  

Main Employment Risks Which China Is Facing and Its Governance Path in the Era of Digitalization and Intelligence

作　　者：王兆萍[1] WANG Zhao-ping

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学国际商学院

出　　处：《北京社会科学》2023年第3期88-98,共11页Social Sciences of Beijing

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(21BJY086)——新就业形态下城市劳动力工作时间配置研究。

摘　　要：数智时代,劳动力市场出现新特征:新就业形态蓬勃发展、劳动力工作流动性增强、工作价值观发生重大转变、以学历为标识的人力资本投资竞争更为激烈、劳动力市场脆弱性加剧。就业风险呈现新变化:人们面临着技术性失业、群体性失业、规模性失业、长期性失业等就业数量风险,以及劳资关系失衡导致的工作贫困、长时间工作、就业歧视等就业质量风险,这些就业风险在范围、规模、种类、程度及发生频率上并未缩小而是扩大。这意味着,社会进步虽使人们抵御就业风险的能力增强,但并未从根本上消除甚至降低就业风险,应通过思维转向、多维治理、制度建设和能力提升治理就业风险,提高风险治理韧性,进而稳存量提质量,实现稳就业、保就业的目标。In the era of digitalization and intelligence,new features have emerged in the labor market:new employment patterns have flourished,the job mobility of the workforce has increased,work values have undergone significant changes,competition for investment in human capital marked by academic qualifications has become more intensive,and the vulnerability of labor market has increased;employment risks have presented new changes:people face quantitative employment risks such as skilled unemployment,group unemployment,large-scale unemployment and long-term unemployment,as well as qualitative employment risks such as working poverty due to industrial imbalance,long working hours and discrimination in employment,these risks are expanding rather than shrinking in scope,scale and type,as well as in extent and frequency of occurrence.This means that social progress has increased people's ability to resist employment risks,but it has not fundamentally avoided or even reduced them.The employment risks should be managed through a shift in thinking,multi-dimensional governance,institutional building and capacity enhancement to improve the resilience of risk management,thereby stabilizing the quantity and improving the quality,and achieving the goal of stable employment and preserving employment.

关 键 词：就业风险 劳动力市场 风险治理 失业风险 劳资关系失衡 

分 类 号：C971[经济管理—劳动经济]