关中地区不同类型气溶胶时空分布特征与驱动因素  

Spatio-temporal distribution characteristics and influencing factors of different aerosol types in the Guanzhong area

作　　者：杨霞 王旭红[1,2,3] 崔思颖 冯子豪 蒋子琪 YANG Xia;WANG Xuhong;CUI Siying;FENG Zihao;JIANG Ziqi(College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127;Shaanxi Xi’an Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127)

机构地区：[1]西北大学城市与环境学院,西安710127 [2]陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室,西安710127 [3]陕西西安城市生态系统定位观测研究站,西安710127

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2023年第3期343-352,共10页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.41971387);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(No.2020JM-430)。

摘　　要：气溶胶光学厚度(Aerosol optical depth,AOD)和气溶胶细模态比例(Fine mode fraction,FMF)是区域大气质量的重要指示因子.利用2003—2020年AOD和FMF粒子谱阈值划分气溶胶类型,综合利用局部自相关、线性趋势估计和地理探测器方法,揭示关中地区不同类型气溶胶的空间变化特征及驱动因素.结果表明:①关中地区AOD、FMF及不同类型气溶胶具有空间分异性,AOD和FMF均存在高值聚集和低值聚集,不同类型的气溶胶从中间腹地城市群向外围高地呈“阶梯”状分布.②关中地区以混合型(Mixed aerosol,MX)和大陆型气溶胶(Continental background aerosol,CB)为主,城市型气溶胶(Urban aerosol,BU)占比最小.③不同类型气溶胶季节、年际变化明显,混合型气溶胶在春、夏季占比高,大陆型气溶胶在秋、冬季占比高,达到50%以上,春、冬季沙尘型气溶胶(Dust aerosol,DD)在城市区聚集明显;在年际变化中,2003—2020年关中地区整体上大气污染程度降低.④PM_(2.5)、气温和高程是关中地区不同类型气溶胶空间分异性的主导因素,此外,不同类型气溶胶的最大双因子驱动力(q max)存在差异.Aerosol optical depth(AOD)and fine mode fraction(FMF)are crucial indicators of regional atmospheric quality.Aerosol types are categorized according to the AOD and FMF particle spectrum thresholds from 2003 to 2020.Local autocorrelation,linear trend estimation and geographic detector methods were used to reveal the spatial variation characteristics and driving factors of different types of aerosols in the Guanzhong area.The results indicated that:①AOD,FMF,and different types of aerosols had spatial heterogeneity in the Guanzhong area.Both AOD and FMF had high-value and low-value aggregation,and separate types of aerosols were distributed in a"ladder"shape from the central hinterland urban agglomeration to the peripheral highland.②Mixed aerosol(MX)and continental background aerosol(CB)were dominant in the Guanzhong area,on the contrary,urban aerosol(BU)accounted for the smallest proportion.③Different aerosol types had distinct seasonal and interannual variation.The proportion of mixed aerosols was high in spring and summer,and the percentage of continental aerosols was high in autumn and winter,reaching more than 50%.Dust aerosol(DD)gathered more substantially in the urban areas during spring and winter.In the annual variation,the degree of air pollution in the Guanzhong area diminished from 2003 to 2020.④PM_(2.5),air temperature,and elevation were the conspicuous factors of spatial heterogeneity of different aerosol types in the Guanzhong area.In addition,the maximum two-factor driving force(q max)of four types of aerosols was different.

关 键 词：关中地区 气溶胶类型 气溶胶光学厚度(AOD) 细模态比例(FMF) 空间分异性 地理探测器 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]