反硝化聚磷菌及其脱氮除磷机理研究进展  

Denitrifying phosphate accumulating organisms and its mechanism of nitrogen and phosphorus removal

作　　者：郑春霞 王侧容 张漫漫 吴启凤 陈梦苹 丁晨雨 何腾霞 ZHENG Chunxia;WANG Cerong;ZHANG Manman;WU Qifeng;CHEN Mengping;DING Chenyu;HE Tengxia(Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region(Ministry of Education),Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology&Agro-Bioengineering(CICMEAB),Institute of Agro-Bioengineering,College of Life Sciences,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学生命科学学院、农业生物工程研究院、山地生态与农业生物工程协同创新中心、山地植物资源保护与种质创新教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《生物工程学报》2023年第3期1009-1025,共17页Chinese Journal of Biotechnology

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2021]一般233);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(42007223);国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目(42167019);贵州省普通高等学校青年科技人才成长项目(黔教合KY字[2021]086);贵州大学培育项目(贵大培育[2019]50号);贵州省研究生教育教学改革重点课题(黔教合YJSCXJH[2020]016)。

摘　　要：水体富营养化是当前水环境保护工作的重点关注问题,微生物修复富营养化水体具有高效、低耗且不产生二次污染等特点,已经成为富营养化水体生态修复的一种重要方式。近年来,对反硝化聚磷菌的研究及其在污水处理工艺中的应用越来越广泛。不同于传统的反硝化细菌联合聚磷菌去除氮磷工艺,反硝化聚磷菌在交替厌氧、缺氧/好氧条件下能同时进行脱氮除磷而被广泛关注与研究。值得注意的是,近几年报道的部分微生物仅在好氧条件下就可进行同时脱氮除磷,但是其脱氮除磷机理仍未理清。基于此,文中总结了目前发现的反硝化聚磷菌和同时硝化反硝化聚磷微生物的种类及特点,并对其脱氮与除磷的关系及其机理进行了系统性分析,对目前反硝化除磷存在的问题进行了梳理,最后对今后的研究方向进行了展望,以期为完善反硝化聚磷菌的脱氮除磷机理及工艺改进提供参考。Water eutrophication poses great threats to protection of water environment.Microbial remediation of water eutrophication has shown high efficiency, low consumption and no secondary pollution, thus becoming an important approach for ecological remediation. In recent years, researches on denitrifying phosphate accumulating organisms and their application in wastewater treatment processes have received increasing attention. Different from the traditional nitrogen and phosphorus removal process conducted by denitrifying bacteria and phosphate accumulating organisms, the denitrifying phosphate accumulating organisms can simultaneously remove nitrogen and phosphorus under alternated anaerobic and anoxic/aerobic conditions. It is worth noting that microorganisms capable of simultaneously removing nitrogen and phosphorus absolutely under aerobic conditions have been reported in recent years, but the mechanisms remain unclear. This review summarizes the species and characteristics of denitrifying phosphate accumulating organisms and the microorganisms capable of performing simultaneous nitrification-denitrification and phosphorous removal. Moreover, this review analyzes the relationship between nitrogen removal and phosphorus removal and the underlying mechanisms, discusses the challenges of denitrifying phosphorus removal, and prospects future research directions, with the aim to facilitate process improvement of denitrifying phosphate accumulating organisms.

关 键 词：富营养化 反硝化聚磷菌 同时硝化反硝化除磷 关系 机理 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]