功能负载原理是否预测了音位对比对ELF使用者的语音清晰度的重要性?--从ELF的角度对Munro and Derwing(2006)的部分复制研究  

Does the Functional Load Principle Predict How Important Phonemic Contrasts Are to Intelligibility Among ELF Users? A Partial Replication of Munro and Derwing(2006) From an ELF Perspective

作　　者：乔治·奥尼尔 兰斯·莱瑟姆 George O’NEAL;Lance LATHAM(Niigata University,Japan)

机构地区：[1]新泻大学,日本

出　　处：《Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics》2023年第1期3-18,150,共17页中国应用语言学（英文）

基　　金：中国外语战略研究中心“世界语言与文化研究”课题的阶段性成果(项目编号:WYZL2022JX0003)。

摘　　要：功能负载(FL)原则预测高FL音位对比,例如/i:/和/?/,比低FL音位对比,例如/u:/和/?/,对发音的相互可懂度的影响更大。为了评估FL原则是否能准确预测英语作为通用语言(ELF)条件下的清晰度,本研究部分复制了由Munro和Derwing(2006)所做的第一项实证支持FL原则的研究。中国人录制了24个包含目标词的高低FL音素替换的英语句子,171名日本大学生听了这些句子并将目标词转写成书面英语。本研究的假设是,具有高FL音素替换的目标词比具有低FL音素替换的目标词更难理解。结果表明,具有高FL音素替换的目标词的清晰度确实低于具有低FL音素替换的目标词,而且多个高FL音素替换的叠加更加降低清晰度。本研究结果与Munro and Derwing (2006)的发现一致,即高FL音素替换比低FL音素替换更能降低清晰度,因此这项研究宣称在ELF条件下成功复制了该研究的一个方面。The Functional Load(FL) principle predicts that high FL phonemic contrasts,such as/i:/and/?/,contribute more to the mutual intelligibility of pronunciation than low FL phonemic contrasts,such as/u:/and/?/.In order to assess whether the FL principle accurately predicts intelligibility under English as a Lingua Franca(ELF) conditions,this study partially replicated the first study to empirically support the FL principle:Munro and Derwing(2006).Chinese speakers of English recorded 24 sentences containing target words with high and low FL phoneme substitutions,and171 Japanese university students listened to the sentences and transcribed the target words into standard orthography.The hypothesis of this study is that the target words with high FL phoneme substitutions will be less intelligible than the target words with low FL phoneme substitutions.The results showed that the target words with high FL phoneme substitutions were indeed lower in intelligibility than the target words with low FL phoneme substitutions,and furthermore cumulative high FL phoneme substitutions lower intelligibility even more.The results are consistent with Munro and Derwing’s(2006) finding that high FL phoneme substitutions lower comprehensibility more than low FL phoneme substitutions,and thus this study claims to have replicated one aspect of their study even under ELF conditions.

关 键 词：功能负荷 清晰度 英语作为通用语言 发音 音位对比 音素 音段 

分 类 号：H319[语言文字—英语]