两种一体式全程自养脱氮反应器的启动与运行特征对比  

Comparison of the start-up and operation characteristics of two completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite reactors

作　　者：夏琼琼 尚巍 郑兴灿 张文安 王雅雄 孙永利 李鹏峰 XIA Qiongqiong;SHANG Wei;ZHENG Xingcan;ZHANG Wenan;WANG Yaxiong;SUN Yongli;LI Pengfeng(North China Municipal Engineering Design&Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300074)

机构地区：[1]中国市政工程华北设计研究总院有限公司,天津300074

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2023年第3期279-284,共6页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(No.2017ZX07106005)。

摘　　要：针对采用一体式全程自养脱氮(CANON)工艺的活性污泥反应器和移动床生物膜反应器(MBBR)进行了超过400 d的考察,并对两者的运行特征进行了比较。结果显示,活性污泥CANON反应器经过长期运行,内部的污泥絮体首先聚集形成了生物膜,生物膜经刮擦脱落后可进一步形成颗粒污泥;转化形成的颗粒污泥系统对氨氮和总氮的平均去除率分别为97.6%和81.8%。在MBBR中,系统对氨氮和总氮的去除受曝气的制约,平均值分别为87.0%和72.9%;另外由于生物膜的保护,长期运行后亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)将难以被抑制。反应器微生物群落组成结构显示,生物膜中的氨氧化菌(AOB)、NOB和厌氧氨氧化菌(AnAOB)相对丰度分别为5.66%、2.99%和21.10%,而颗粒污泥中这3种功能菌的相对丰度分别为7.62%、0.34%和6.85%。An active sludge bioreactor and a moving bed biofilm reactor(MBBR)using completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite(CANON)process were investigated over 400 d and compared from the startup to stable operation.The results showed that after long-term operation,the internal sludge flocs in the active sludge CANON system firstly gathered to form biofilm,and the biofilm would further form granular sludge after being scrapped and detached.The average ammonia removal rate(ARR)and total nitrogen removal rate(TNRR)in the transformed granular sludge system were 97.6%and 81.8%,respectively.In the MBBR,the ARR and TNRR were constrained by aeration,with average values of 87.0%and 72.9%respectively,and it would be difficult to inhibit nitrite oxidizing bacteria(NOB)after long-term operation due to the protection of biofilm.The structural characteristics of microbial communities revealed that the relative abundance of ammonia oxidation bacteria(AOB),NOB and anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria(AnAOB)in the biofilm was 5.66%,2.99%and 21.10%,respectively,while the three functional bacteria in granular sludge was 7.62%,0.34%and 6.85%,respectively.

关 键 词：一体式全程自养脱氮 长期运行 移动床生物膜反应器 颗粒污泥 生物膜脱落 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]