煤田地震勘探的震源参数试验研究  

Experiment on source parameters of coal seismic exploration

作　　者：宋玉龙 牟义 SONG Yulong;MU Yi(Geophysical Survey Team of Shandong Bureau of Coal Geology,Jinan 250104,China;Mine Safety Technology Branch of China Coal Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省煤田地质局物探测量队,山东济南250104 [2]煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司安全分院,北京100013

出　　处：《煤炭工程》2023年第2期57-62,共6页Coal Engineering

摘　　要：煤田地震勘探探测环境复杂及受周围干扰因素的影响,导致震源使用受到限制,从而制约煤田勘探数据采集的准确性。选取典型的炸药震源、车载可控震源及电火花震源为例,分析震源激发条件、适用条件等,进行激发井深(6m, 8m, 10m, 12m, 14m, 16m)、震动叠加次数(1次,2次,3次,4次,5次,6次)等试验,优化震源参数,并通过应用实例对比分析试验效果。结果表明:炸药震源对于浅部地层信息反应较少,对深部地层敏感度更高;车载可控震源对于浅部地层和深部地层都有很好的勘探效果,综合效果好,但有时会受制于浅层低速层散射影响;电火花震源对于浅部地层信息反应较少,对较深地层敏感度更高,但是受其激发能量限制,对于深部地层勘探效果相对较差。The complex environment of coal seismic exploration and the influence of surrounding interference factors is limiting the application of seismic sources, and restricting the accuracy of data acquisition in coal exploration. Taking typical explosive source, vibroseis source and electric spark source as examples, the source excitation and applicable conditions were analyzed, the test of excitation well depth(6m, 8m, 10m, 12m, 14m and 16m) and vibration superposition times(1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6) were carried out, the source parameters were optimized, and the test results were compared and analyzed. The results show that explosive source have less response to shallow formation information and higher sensitivity to deep formation;vibroseis source has better exploration effect for both shallow and deep strata, with good comprehensive effect, but sometimes it is affected by the scattering of shallow low velocity layer;electric spark source has less response to shallow formation information and higher sensitivity to deeper formation, but its effect of deep formation exploration is relatively poor, limited by its excitation energy.

关 键 词：煤田勘探 可控震源 炸药震源 电火花震源 三维地震勘探 

分 类 号：TD163[矿业工程—矿山地质测量] P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]