膜荚黄芪叶中三萜皂苷类成分的分离与鉴定  

Isolation and Identification of Triterpenoid Saponins from Leaves of Astragalus membranaceus

作　　者：徐凤 王知斌[1] 马振平[1] 曹峰 孙延平[1] 匡海学[1] XU Feng;WANG Zhi-bin;MA Zhen-ping;CAO Feng;SUN Yan-ping;KUANG Hai-xue(Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao,Ministry of Education,Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江中医药大学教育部北药基础与应用研究重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《中国现代中药》2023年第1期22-30,共9页Modern Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81973439);国家中医药管理局中医药传承与创新“百千万”人才工程——岐黄工程首席科学家项目(国中医药人教〔2021〕7号);国家中医药管理局中医药传承与创新“百千万”人才工程(岐黄工程)岐黄学者项目(国中医药人教函〔2018〕284号);黑龙江省“头雁”团队支持项目(黑龙江省头雁行动领导小组文件〔2019〕5号);黑龙江中医药大学“优秀创新人才支持计划”科研项目(2018RCD03);2022年全国名老中医药专家传承工作室建设项目(国中医药人教函〔2022〕75号);第七批全国老中医药专家学术经验继承工作项目(国中医药人教函〔2022〕76号)。

摘　　要：目的:研究膜荚黄芪叶中的三萜皂苷类成分。方法:采用硅胶、十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶(ODS)等色谱方法对膜荚黄芪叶的化学成分进行分离,通过一维核磁共振氢谱(1D-NMR)和2D-NMR法分析鉴定化合物。结果:从膜荚黄芪叶提取物中共分离出15个化合物,分别鉴定为黄芪叶苷B(1)、黄芪叶苷L(2)、cyclounifolioside D(3)、3-O-[α-L-吡喃鼠李糖基-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃木糖基]-6-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-24-O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖基-16-乙酰基-3β,6α,16β,24(S),25-五羟基环菠萝蜜烷(4)、黄芪叶苷K(5)、黄芪叶苷A(6)、astraverrucinⅠ(7)、cycloaraloside A(8)、黄芪叶苷D(9)、astralanosaponin D(10)、大豆皂醇E(11)、3β,21α,24-三羟基-齐墩果-12-烯(12)、3β,22β,24,29-四羟基齐墩果-12-烯(13)、豌豆皂苷Ⅰ(14)、大豆皂醇B-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸基-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→4)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷(15)。结论:化合物3、4、7、8为首次从膜荚黄芪中分离得到,化合物11~15为首次从黄芪属植物中分离得到。Objective:To study triterpenoid saponins in the leaves of Astragalus membranaceus.Methods:The chemical constituents in leaves of A.membranaceus were isolated by silica gel and ODS chromatography,and the compounds were identified by 1D-NMR and 2D-NMR.Results:Fifteen compounds were isolated and identified from the extract of A.membranaceus leaves,which were huangqiyenin B(1),huangqiyenin L(2)and cyclounifolioside D(3),3-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-xylopyranosyl]-6-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-24-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-16-O-acetoxy-3β,6α,16β,24(S),25-pentahydroxycycloartane(4),huangqiyenin K(5),huangqiyenin A(6),astraverrucinⅠ(7),cycloaraloside A(8),huangqiyenin D(9),astralanosaponin D(10),soyasapogenol E(11),3β,21α,24-trihydroxy-oleantho-12-ene(12),3β,22β,24,29-tetrahydroxy oleantho-12-ene(13),pisumsaponinsⅠ(14),and soyasapogenol B-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside-(1→4)-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl(15).Conclusion:Compounds 3,4,7,and 8 were isolated from leaves of A.membranaceus for the first time and 11-15 were isolated from the genus Astragalus for the first time.

关 键 词：黄芪叶 三萜皂苷 化学成分 

分 类 号：R284[医药卫生—中药学]