人权视阈下渔权的法理审视  

A legal review of fishery rights from the perspective of human rights

作　　者：王建友 汪熠 WANG Jian-you;WANG Yi(School of Economics and Management,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhejiang Zhoushan 316022,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学经济管理学院,浙江舟山316000

出　　处：《中国渔业经济》2023年第1期22-30,63,共10页Chinese Fisheries Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“退捕渔民重新就业技能提升研究”(21BSH148)资助。

摘　　要：人权的本质属性是在平等享有的基础上维护弱者、弱势群体权利的观念构建和条件保障。渔权是人权的重要内容和主要表现形式,其人权属性有坚实的历史传统、道德基础和鲜明的国际法渊源。但受失海危机、转产转业不平顺、权益补偿机制不健全等因素影响,加上渔民概念模糊、社会分层变化、法律规制缺憾以及渔民权益的平衡未得到充分保障等原因,导致渔民以渔业权为主体的合法权益被冲击。建议在现行《渔业法》修订中,要树立保护渔业权就是保障渔民人权的立法宗旨,回归渔业的可持续发展传统需求,对需保护的传统渔民进行科学鉴别,对渔业权进行细化,以促进传统渔民的传统历史性权利的现实实现,维护和保存我国现实的海洋渔业生产力,促进渔业高质量发展。The essential attribute of human rights is the concept construction and condition guarantee of protecting the rights of the weak and vulnerable groups. Fishery right is an important content and main form of human rights. Its human rights attribute has a solid historical tradition, moral basis and distinct sources of international law. The human rights attribute of fishery rights has a solid historical tradition, a moral foundation and a distinct source of international law. However, the legal rights and interests of fishers with fishery rights as the main body have been damaged due to the impact of such factors as the crisis of losing the sea, the irregular transfer of production and employment, and the imperfect mechanism of compensation for rights and interests, as well as the vague concept of fishers, the change of social stratification, the lack of legal regulation and the insufficient protection of the balance of fishers’ rights and interests. It is suggested that in the revision of the current Fisheries Law, the legislative purpose of protecting fishery rights is to protect the human rights of fishermen should be established, the traditional needs of sustainable development of fisheries should be returned,the traditional fishermen who need to be protected should be scientifically identified, and the fishery rights should be refined, so as to promote the practical realization of the traditional and historical rights of traditional fishermen, maintain and preserve China’s current marine fishery productivity, and promote the high-quality development of fisheries.

关 键 词：渔民权益 渔业权 人权属性 法治保护 

分 类 号：F326.403[经济管理—产业经济]