民国士绅变迁与县志编修探析——兼谈志书官修  

The Transformation of the Local Gentry and Local Records Compilation During the Republican Period:With Thoughts on the Official Compilation of Local Records

作　　者：刘翔宇[1] Liu Xiangyu

机构地区：[1]中国地方志指导小组办公室

出　　处：《中国地方志》2023年第1期24-37,M0004,共15页China Local Records

摘　　要：官与绅合作修志是我国方志史上的一个重要现象,也是我国志书编修的一个突出特点,还是我国志书官修的基本样态。民国时期,士绅阶层变迁与分化加剧,并逐步走向衰落,这对县志编修产生了深刻影响:修志倡议形式由双轨向单轨转变,编修组织形式由官绅合作以绅为主向官绅合作以官为主转变,修志体例与内容由袭旧到创新。官与绅力量对比的变化,以及士绅本身变迁与分化,都直接或间接反映到县志编修话语权和主导权的掌控上。民国士绅变迁不但影响着县志的编修轨迹,还影响着县志的样貌与特点,演绎着县级方志文化的历史。That officials and the local gentry cooperated in the compiling efforts was one of the noteworthy phenomena in China's local records history,a prominent feature of its compilation,and a basic mode of the official compilation.The Republican Period(1912-1949)saw intensified transformation,disintegration,and decline of China's local gentry class,which cast a huge impact on county-level local records compilation:Compilation initiatives altered from the former“double-track”work mode to a“single-track”one;the key player in the government-and-gentry collaboration changed from local gentry to the government;the compilation style and contents were more innovative rather than conservative.The change in the power dynamics and the evolution and disintegration of the local gentry class itself reflected,directly or indirectly,the changing control of decision-making and leadership over county records compilation.As a result,the transformation of the Republican Period local gentry influenced not only the compilation of county records nationwide,but also their styles and features,illustrating the history of county records culture.

关 键 词：士绅 变迁 县志 

分 类 号：K29[历史地理—历史学] K258[历史地理—中国史]