大国周边战略比较:苏联、美国与中国周边战略的比较分析  

Comparison of Great Power Strategies Towards Neighbouring Countries:A Comparative Analysis of the Strategies of the Soviet Union,the United States,and China

作　　者：周方银 Zhou Fangyin

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学国际关系学院

出　　处：《拉丁美洲研究》2023年第1期2-27,153,共27页Journal of Latin American Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“地区秩序转型背景下打造周边命运共同体研究”(编号:22ZDA128)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：对每个大国来说,周边地区在其国际战略布局中都具有特殊重要性。大国普遍投入较大资源来经营周边,但其周边战略呈现不同模式,其周边战略的效果也存在较大差异。在对大国周边战略进行比较分析时,面临备选案例数量有限,大国面临的国际环境与周边环境存在差异,以及不同周边战略实施时间长短不同等方面的制约。为增强大国周边战略案例的可比性,从较少的案例中获得较多启发,本文选取三个案例,分别是冷战时期苏联的周边战略、20世纪以来美国的周边战略,以及冷战结束后中国的周边战略,从大国与周边国家的利益关系格局、大国处理周边关系时对强制手段的使用、大国与周边国家关系的制度化水平,以及大国与周边国家关系中的意识形态因素四个维度进行分析。苏联、美国和中国的周边战略表现出明显不同的特点,形成不同的周边战略模式,分别在政治、经济、安全领域产生不同的战略效果。对大国周边战略的对比分析,有助于为中国周边战略提供借鉴。For every great power,neighbouring countries are of special importance in its international strategies.The great powers generally invest considerable resources in dealing with neighbouring affairs,but their strategies towards neighbouring countries show different patterns,and the effects of their strategies also differ greatly.The comparative analysis of great powers'neighbourhood strategies is constrained by the limited number of cases available,the differences between the international environment and the neighbourhood environment of the great powers,and the different lengths of time over which different neighbourhood strategies have been implemented.In order to increase the comparability of the cases and to gain more inspiration from fewer cases,this paper selects three cases,namely the neighbourhood strategies of the Soviet Union(USSR)during the Cold War,the United States(US)since the twentieth century and China after the Cold War.This paper analyses from four dimensions:the pattern of interest relations between great powers and their neighboring countries,the use of coercive means by great powers in dealing with their neighboring countries,the degree of institutionalisation of relations between great powers and their neighboring countries,and the ideological factors in these relations.The strategies of the USSR,the US and China towards their neighbours have different characteristics,form different models,and produce different effects in the political,economic and security spheres.A comparative analysis of the great powers'strategies towards their neighbours can help to draw lessons for China's strategies towards its neighbours.

关 键 词：周边战略 利益格局 强制外交 制度化 意识形态 

分 类 号：D871.2[政治法律—政治学]