植物膜蛋白的囊泡转运及调控机制的研究进展  

Advances in vesicle trafficking of membrane proteins and their regulatory mechanisms

作　　者：徐昌文 钱虹萍 罗鹏云 玉猛 邢晶晶 张亮[5] 张曦 崔亚宁[1,2] 林金星 Changwen Xu;Hongping Qian;Pengyun Luo;Meng Yu;Jingjing Xing;Liang Zhang;Xi Zhang;Yaning Cui;Jinxing Lin(Forest Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration,National Engineering Research Center,Beijing 100083,China;College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;College of Life Sciences,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China;School of Life Sciences,Henan University,Kaifeng 457001,China;College of Life Sciences,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang 453007,China)

机构地区：[1]林木育种与生态修复国家工程研究中心,北京100083 [2]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院,北京100083 [3]河北农业大学生命科学学院,保定071001 [4]河南大学生命科学学院,开封457001 [5]河南师范大学生命科学学院,新乡453007

出　　处：《科学通报》2023年第7期762-778,共17页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32030010,32000483)资助。

摘　　要：膜蛋白的囊泡转运对维持植物的生长发育、细胞内外的物质交换、细胞识别、免疫应答、信号转导等生物学过程具有重要的生理学意义.近年来,随着超分辨显微技术和蛋白标记方法的更新和进步,对膜蛋白转运相关机制的研究也取得了很大进展.尽管当前对囊泡转运机制的研究手段或技术方法有很多,但关于膜蛋白囊泡转运途径及其研究技术方法缺少系统的总结.本综述首先介绍了膜蛋白囊泡转运所涉及的相关细胞器,全面总结了植物膜蛋白的不同囊泡转运途径,并在此基础上,系统概括了研究植物囊泡转运所使用的化学方法和突变体;最后,展望了植物膜蛋白囊泡转运途径中的研究前景,以期为了解和阐明植物体如何感知及适应环境的调控机制提供一定的思路和见解.Membrane proteins are essential components of cell membrane structures and can be transported through vesicles as signaling molecules.The vesicle trafficking of membrane proteins is crucial for maintaining biological processes such as plant growth and development,substance exchange,cell recognition,immune response,and signal transduction.Both vesicle exocytosis and endocytosis play integral roles in regulating the activities and turnover of plasma membrane proteins required for signal triggering or attenuation at the cell surface.Exocytosis involves the transport of newly synthesized or recycled material to the plasma membrane(PM)in vesicles where they are released into the extracellular space.Recent investigations have shown that changing the balance between conventional and unconventional protein secretion can be an efficient strategy to respond to stressful conditions in eukaryotes.With the aid of an Nterminal located signal peptide(SP),conventional protein secretion delivers newly synthesized proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)to the Golgi apparatus and the trans-Golgi network(TGN)and finally to the PM or extracellular space via secretory vesicles or secretory granules.Unconventional protein secretion is responsible for the secretion of such SP-lacking protein.Notably,several unconventional protein secretion pathways mediated by distinct mechanisms have been reported in plants,most of which are related to stress responses.Conversely to exocytosis,endocytosis is the process by which material associated with the cellular surface is uptaken by invagination of the plasma membrane and internalized as an endocytic vesicle.In recent years,substantial progress has been made in the characterization of the plant components involved in clathrin-mediated and membrane microdomain-associated endocytic pathways.Moreover,the coordination of exocytic and endocytic trafficking has been shown to be important for various plant cell functions.An increasing pool of evidence has indicated that multiple cellular processes re

关 键 词：膜蛋白 囊泡转运 胞吞/胞吐途径 胞吐-胞吞耦联 自噬途径 

分 类 号：Q942[生物学—植物学]