基于FY-4A温湿廓线的强对流过程探空检验及应用分析  

Comparative Verification of Sounding Data of Strong Convective Processes Based on FY-4A Temperature and Humidity Profiles

作　　者：覃皓 黄明策 农孟松 韦美闹 伍丽泉 QIN Hao;HUANG Mingce;NONG Mengsong;WEI Meinao;WU Liquan(Guangxi Meteorological Observatory,Nanning 530022;Rainstorm Laboratory of Fangchenggang Meteorological Service,Fangchenggang 538000;Qinzhou Meteorological Bureau,Guangxi,Qinzhou 535000;Guangxi Meteorological Disaster Prevention Technology Center,Nanning 530022)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区气象台,南宁530022 [2]广西防城港市气象局暴雨实验室,防城港538000 [3]广西钦州市气象局,钦州535000 [4]广西壮族自治区气象灾害防御技术中心,南宁530022

出　　处：《气象科技》2023年第1期1-13,共13页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：广西气象科研计划项目(桂气科2022QN08);国家自然科学基金项目(41905077);广西自然科学基金项目(2017GXNSFBA198133);钦州科学技术项目(202014806);广西区气象局短临临近天气预报技术创新团队专项共同资助。

摘　　要：选取2019年2月至2020年2月广西区域内出现强对流天气的时段,将区内6个探空站温湿廓线资料以及ERA5数据作为基准检验,分析了FY-4A卫星温湿廓线的误差情况,结果表明:(1)无云条件下FY-4A温湿度廓线的偏差相对较小。相对于探空数据,质量控制为0和1的样本均方根误差RMSE范围在1.04~4.16℃,总体RMSE为2.61℃,850~700 hPa、600~500 hPa以及250 hPa上误差较小,RMSE均小于2℃。FY-4A与ERA5温度廓线的差异分布与探空结果相近,RMSE范围为1.01~4.15℃,总体RMSE为2.19℃,925~400 hPa以及250 hPa上RMSE均小于2℃。(2)无云条件下FY-4A湿度廓线总体RMSE为61.06%,低值区位于900~700 hPa,平均约为20.51%。在500 hPa附近误差最大,可能与干空气入侵导致垂直方向上含水量突变有关。总体而言对流层低层误差较高层小。(3)个例中重构的T-Inp图能一定程度上还原大气上下层的温湿结构特征,但对于层结稳定度以及不稳定能量的定量估计还存在一定偏差。经质量控制后的温度数据较好地反映了冷暖空气的活动特征,对于强对流潜势的监测具有很好的提示作用。受云影响时可利用的高质量样本减少,在业务应用时可以尝试利用多源数据进行订正。The reliability of FY-4A temperature and humidity profiles are verified by using conventional sounding data and ERA5 data in Guangxi Province during the strong convection processes from February 2019 to February 2020.The results show that:(1)The FY-4A temperature and humidity profiles have lower deviation for the clear sky.Compared with radiosonde data,the root mean squared error(RMSE)of FY-4A temperature with quality control 0 and 1 data ranges from 1.04℃to 4.16℃,and the overall RMSE is 2.61℃.The inversion accuracy of temperature is better in 850-700 hPa,600-500 hPa and 250 hPa,all of which have a RMSE less than 2℃.The different distribution of temperature profiles between FY-4A and ERA5 is similar to the above.The RMSE ranges from 1.01℃to 4.15℃,and the overall RMSE is 2.19℃.RMSE is less than 2℃at 925-400 hPa and 250 hPa.(2)The overall RMSE of FY-4A humidity profile is 61.06%compared to radiosonde data under the clear sky,and there is a relatively small error in 900-700 hPa with an averaging RMSE of about 20.51%.The error reaches the maximum near 500 hPa,which may be related to the sudden change of water content in the vertical direction caused by dry air intrusion.In addition,the errors of the lower troposphere are generally smaller than those of the upper troposphere.(3)The reconstructed T-lnp diagram in the strong convection case can restore the temperature and humidity structure characteristics of the upper and lower layers of the atmosphere to a certain extent.However,there is still deviation in the quantitative estimation of stratification stability and unstable energy.The temperature data can better reflect the activity characteristics of cold and warm air after quality control,which provide a prompting effect on the monitoring of strong convective potential.The available high-quality samples are reduced when affected by the cloud,which needs to be corrected by multi-source data in the application.

关 键 词：FY-4A 温湿垂直廓线 检验分析 强对流 

分 类 号：P405[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]