琼州海峡一次持续性海雾过程分析  

Analysis of a Sustained Sea Fog Process over Qiongzhou Strait

作　　者：朱秋颖 杨薇[2,3] 冯箫[2,3] 张涛 ZHU Qiuying;YANG Wei;FENG Xiao;ZHANG Tao(Changjiang Meteorological Bureau,Hainan,Changjiang 572700;Hainan Meteorological Services,Haikou 570203;Key Laboratory of South China Sea Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of HainanProvince,Haikou 570203;China National Meteorological Information Center,Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]海南省昌江黎族自治县气象局,昌江572700 [2]海南省南海气象防灾减灾重点实验室,海口570203 [3]海南省气象台,海口570203 [4]国家气象信息中心,北京100081

出　　处：《气象科技》2023年第1期115-123,共9页Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金青年基金项目(422QN425);海南省气象局青年基金项目(hnqxZC202117)共同资助。

摘　　要：利用中国第一代全球大气/陆面再分析产品(China’s first generation global atmospheric/land surface reanalysis product,简称CRA),结合地面自动站观测、中国气象局陆面数据同化系统的能见度格点数据、葵花8号卫星资料,分析了2021年1月21—26日琼州海峡一次持续性海雾过程的发展演变、环流形势以及边界层特征,同时分析了两种不同类型雾的形成机制。结果表明:(1)21—22日为低层冷空气扩散形成的锋面雾;23—26日为冷高后部偏东气流型平流雾过程,其中23日23:00至24日14:00大雾发展最强盛,连续12个时次出现特强浓雾,最小能见度达25 m。(2)锋面雾阶段,偏北风影响,风速为1~3 m/s;平流雾阶段,偏东风影响,风速为4~6 m/s。(3)锋面雾阶段,水汽辐合中心位于琼州海峡南岸至海南岛东北部陆地,大雾在陆地开始发展。平流雾阶段,水汽辐合中心位于琼州海峡北岸至海南岛东部海面一带,大雾自海上发展。(4)锋面雾阶段,逆温层在950 hPa左右高度发展,为下冷上暖的平流配置;平流雾阶段,950 hPa以下均为暖平流,逆温层从地面开始发展。大雾过程中锋面雾和平流雾两种不同性质大雾的发展使得大雾长时间维持。Using China’s first-generation global atmospheric/land surface reanalysis product(CRA),combined with visibility data from the CMA Land Data Assimilation System(CLDAS),automatic weather station and Himawari-8 satellite data,the evolution,circulation pattern and boundary layer characteristics of the sustained sea fog process in Qiongzhou Strait from January 21 to 26,2021 are analyzed,and also the formation mechanisms of two different types of fogs are discussed.The results show that:(1)the fog from January 21 to 22 was the frontal fog formed by the diffusion of cold air in the lower layer,while it turned into the easterly advection fog at the rear of a could high from 23 to 26.(2)During the frontal fog period,influenced by the northerly wind,the wind speed was 1 to 3 m·s-1.During the advection fog period,the wind speed was 4 to 6 m·s-1due to the influence of easterly wind.(3)In the frontal fog stage,the water vapour convergence centre was located from the South bank of the Qiongzhou Strait to the northeast land of Hainan Island,and the fog began to develop on the land.In the advection fog stage,the water vapour convergence centre was located from the North bank of the Qiongzhou Strait to the east of Hainan Island,and the fog developed from the sea.(4)In the frontal fog stage,the inversion layer developed at the height of about 950 hPa,which was an advection configuration of cold in the lower part and warm in the upper part.In the advection fog stage,warm advection occurred below 950 hPa,and the inversion layer developed from the ground.The development of two kinds of fogs with different properties,frontal fog and advection fog,maintained the fog for a long time.

关 键 词：持续性海雾 大气背景条件 边界层特征 琼州海峡 

分 类 号：P426.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]