《辅行诀》所载“汤液经法图”蕴含的中药药性理论新内容探析  

Discussion on the New Content of Traditional Chinese Medicine Property Theory in“Tangye Jingfa map”of Fuxingjue

作　　者：金锐 李凡 JIN Rui;LI Fan(Department of Pharmacy,Xiyuan Hospital,Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Science,Beijing 100091,China;Department of Pharmacy,Beijing Fengtai District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院西苑医院药学部,北京100091 [2]北京市丰台区中医医院药剂科,北京100076

出　　处：《医药导报》2023年第4期479-483,共5页Herald of Medicine

基　　金：中国中医科学院科技创新工程重大攻关项目(CI2021A03805)。

摘　　要：“汤液经法图”是商·伊尹所著《汤液经法》的关键原理图,因敦煌遗书《辅行诀五脏用药法要》的转引而传承下来,被学术界称为揭开经方配伍之谜的钥匙。“汤液经法图”描绘了一幅以五脏虚实辨证和五味补泻治疗为基础的辨证论治理论,其中蕴含着许多关于中药药性的新内容和新认识。其一,“汤液经法图”打破了一对一的五味五脏配属关系,以补味、泻味和化味为框架,表达了多个药味以不同角色入五脏的关联关系。其二,“汤液经法图”描述了一种全新的五味配伍转化关系,包括辛酸化甘、咸苦化酸、甘辛化苦、酸咸化辛和苦甘化咸。这种转化关系是理解复杂药味配伍成方的关键,也得到了数学角度的初步证明。其三,“汤液经法图”还原了中药的五行属性认知体系,以五行互含定药性,对挖掘中药自然属性与功效属性的本质关联具有重要启发。其四,“汤液经法图”理论实践体系昭示了五味理论在中药药性理论中的首要地位,病成于五味之偏,治亦在五味之偏。综合以上内容,为中药药性理论研究和应用的未来发展和深度思考提供支持。The"“Tangye Jingfa map”is the key principle of“Tangye Jingfa map”written by Yi Yin in the Shang Dynasty.It has been inherited and passed down by the citation in Dunhuang book Fuxingjue.It is called the key to uncover the mystery of the compatibility of prescriptions by the academic community.“Tangye Jingfa map”depicts a theory system of syndrome differentiation based on the deficiency and excess of five Zang organs,and the treatment based on the reinforcing and reducing on five flavors,which contains many new contents and new understandings about the medicinal properties of traditional Chinese medicine.Firstly,“Tangye Jingfa map”breaks the one-to-one relationship between five flavors and five Zang organs,while it takes tonifying flavor,purging flavor and transforming flavor as the framework to express the relationship between multiple herbal flavors and the five Zang organs in different roles.Secondly,“Tangye Jingfa map”describes a new compatibility transformation relationship among five flavors.For example,a pungent flavor which combines with a sour flavor can turn into a sweet flavor;A salty flavor which combines with a bitter flavor can turn into a sour flavor;A sweet flavor which combines with a pungent flavor can turn into a bitter flavor;A sour flavor which combines with a salty flavor can turn into a pungent flavor;A bitter flavor which combines with a sweet flavor can turn into a salty flavor.This transformation relationship is the key to understand the compatibility of complex prescriptions,and has also been preliminarily proved from the perspective of mathematics.Thirdly,“Tangye Jingfa map”restores the cognitive system of the five elements of Traditional Chinese Medicine,and uses the five elements to determine the herbal properties,which has important inspiration for exploring the essential relationship between the natural attributes and efficacy attributes of traditional Chinese medicines.Lastly,the theoretical and practical system of“Tangye Jingfa map”shows the primacy of t

关 键 词：汤液经法图 五味 中药药性 五行 辅行诀 

分 类 号：R944[医药卫生—药剂学]