隧道联络通道爆破监测及振动特性研究  

ON BLASTING MONITORING AND VIBRATION CHARACTERISTICS OF TUNNEL CROSS CONNECTING

作　　者：刘泽亮 王晓辉 李明耿 郑国和[2] 管晓明[1] LIU Zeliang;WANG Xiaohui;LI Minggeng;ZHENG Guohe;GUAN Xiaoming(School of Civil Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Shandong Qingdao 266033,China;China Railway 18th Bureau Group Fourth Engineering Corporation Limited,Tianjin 300222,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学土木工程学院,山东青岛266033 [2]中铁十八局集团第四工程有限公司,天津300222

出　　处：《低温建筑技术》2023年第1期100-104,115,共6页Low Temperature Architecture Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(面上项目)“地铁隧道施工扰动下含缺陷土岩复合地层灾变机制研究”(51978356);国家自然科学基金(青年项目)“高地应力软岩铁路隧道仰拱底鼓破坏模式与分析模型”(52108371)。

摘　　要：依托某大跨隧道工程,研究了爆破地震波对隧道后方围岩的振动特性及传播规律,以避免爆破对掌子面后方近接联络通道造成损害。首先开展联络通道的爆破振动测试试验,分析了联络通道不同爆心距条件下X、Y、Z方向的振速和主频特征,结果表明掌子面后方联络通道处振速水平方向大于垂直方向,主振频率大体随爆心距增加而逐渐衰减,但会出现波动与局部激增;由于掌子面后方已开挖洞室的空气层对地震波造成了显著的衰减,使得爆破地震波的传播路径发生改变,致使相同药量条件下,后方联络通道最大振速并不处在爆心距最近位置。通过对主频傅里叶变换转换至频域进行频谱分析,得到距爆心较远频带集中区域能量整体普遍高于距离爆心较近处,验证了不同地形产生的空气层高频滤波差异作用。最后通过对照安全允许标准,得出隧道爆破扰动下联络通道初支的峰值振速和主振频率在规范规定的安全范围内,不会引起联络通道破坏。Based on a large-span tunnel project,the vibration characteristics and propagation law of blasting seismic wave on the surrounding rock behind the tunnel are studied to avoid the damage of blasting to the connecting passage behind the tunnel face.The blasting vibration test of the connecting channel is carried out,and the vibration velocity and dominant frequency characteristics of the connecting channel in X,Y and Z directions under different blast center distances are analyzed.The results show that the vibration velocity in the horizontal direction of the connecting channel behind the tunnel face is larger than that in the vertical direction,and the dominant frequency decreases gradually with the increase of the blast center distance,but there will be fluctuation and local surge.Because the air layer behind the tunnel face has caused a significant attenuation of the seismic wave,the propagation path of the blasting seismic wave is changed,and the maximum vibration velocity of the rear contact channel is not at the nearest position of the explosion center distance under the same charge condition.Through the spectrum analysis of the main frequency Fourier transform to the frequency domain,it is found that the energy of the concentrated area far away from the explosion center is generally higher than that near the explosion center,which verifies the difference of high frequency filtering in the air layer caused by different terrains.By comparing the safety allowable standards,it is concluded that the peak vibration velocity and main vibration frequency of the initial branch of the contact channel under the tunnel blasting disturbance are within the safe range specified by the specification,which will not cause the damage of the contact channel.

关 键 词：隧道爆破 联络通道 爆破监测 振动特征 

分 类 号：TU473[建筑科学—结构工程]