职业化与政治化:抗战胜利后的“国定记者节”(1945-1949)  

Professionalization and Politicization:The National Journalists Day after the Victory of Counter-Japanese War(1945-1949)

作　　者：赵建国 Zhao Jianguo(School of Journalism and Communication,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学新闻与传播学院,广东广州510632

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2023年第2期114-126,共13页Journal of Central China Normal University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国共产党新闻宣传工作史料收集、整理与数据库建设(1949-1966)”(18ZDA314)。

摘　　要：抗战胜利后初期(1945—1949),新闻界举办各种庆典和仪式活动,纪念“国定记者节”,表彰报界先烈,提升职业形象,保卫新闻自由,新闻职业化水准明显提升。借助记者节及其年度盛会,民营报刊和政党报刊表达了政治意味浓厚的职业规划,彰显职业节日和媒介的政治化倾向:《大公报》《申报》和《中央日报》等运用“社会责任理论”,设计职业前途;中共报刊则提出“人民新闻事业”,主张“彻底改造新闻事业”。新中国成立前夕,全面改造新闻事业和新闻记者成为中共报刊在记者节的主要职业言说,这预示着新闻政策的彻底转型,新闻界被完全纳入政治轨道,新闻事业社会主义改造成为重要的时代课题。In the early period after the victory of Counter-Japanese War(1945-1949),commemorative events in various forms were organized to celebrate the Journalists Day(September 1st)in China.By honoring press martyrs,these events not only improved professional image and safeguarded press freedom,but also significantly improved the professional level of journalism.Non-official newspapers and political parties newspapers and periodicals expressed the occupational blueprint with distinctive political implications,highlighting the politicization of this professional festival and the media:Ta Kung Pao,Shun Pao and Central Daily News envisioned the occupational prospects by applying“the theory of social responsibility”;Communist Party of China s newspapers proposed the concept of“people s journalism”and advocated“journalism transformation”.Before the founding of People s Republic of China,journalism transformation as a main discourse on the National Journalists Day indicated the utter transformation of press policy and the complete politicization of China s journalism.The socialist transformation of China s journalism would be an important issue of the times.

关 键 词：抗战胜利 “国定记者节” 新闻事业 新闻记者 

分 类 号：K266[历史地理—历史学] G219.29[历史地理—中国史]