孕前体质指数及孕期增重与妊娠糖尿病的相关性研究  

Relationship between Prepregnancy Body Mass Index,Weight Gain during Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

作　　者：阮兆萍 李桂珍 张木英 RUAN Zhaoping;LI Guizhen;ZHANG Muying(Department of Premarital Inspection,Jianning County Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Jianning,FujianProvince,354500 China;Department of B Ultrasound,Jianning County Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Ji-anning,Fujian Province,354500 China)

机构地区：[1]建宁县妇幼保健院婚检优检科,福建建宁354500 [2]建宁县妇幼保健院B超科,福建建宁354500

出　　处：《糖尿病新世界》2022年第24期46-49,共4页Diabetes New World Magazine

摘　　要：目的 分析孕前体质指数(body mass index, BMI)及孕期增重与妊娠糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus, GDM)的相关性。方法 选取2019年3月—2021年12月期间于建宁县妇幼保健院进行优生健康检查的90例孕妇为研究对象,记录其孕前体质量、身高,计算BMI,随访记录其孕期增重等情况。比较不同孕前BMI、孕期增重孕妇空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPG)水平,以及GDM发生率。同时,针对孕妇孕前BMI及孕期增重与血糖水平进行相关性分析。结果 超重及肥胖孕妇的FPG、2 hPG水平及GDM发生率均高于正常体质量与低体质量孕妇,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。正常体质量与低体质量孕妇FPG、2 hPG水平及GDM发生率对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。孕期增重>美国医学研究院(Institute of Medicine,IOM)推荐适宜范围孕妇的FPG、2 hPG水平及GDM发生率均高于孕期增重≤IOM适宜范围孕妇,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Pearson相关性分析显示,孕前BMI及孕期增重与FPG、2 hPG水平呈正相关性(P<0.05)。结论 孕前BMI及孕期增重与GDM具有相关性,孕前与孕期合理控制体质量对于防控GDM具有重要的意义。Objective To analyze the association between prepregnancy body mass index(BMI),weight gain during pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods A total of 90 pregnant women who underwent eugenics health examination in Jianning County Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from March 2019 to December 2021 were selected as the research objects.Their prepregnancy body weight and height were recorded,BMI was calculated,and their weight gain during pregnancy was followed up and recorded.The levels of fasting blood glucose(FPG),2 h postprandial blood glucose(2 hPG)and the incidence of GDM were compared among pregnant women with different prepregnancy BMI,weight gain during pregnancy.At the same time,the correlation between prepregnancy BMI,preg⁃nancy weight gain and blood glucose level was analyzed.Results The levels of FPG,2 hPG and incidence of GDM in overweight and obese pregnant women were higher than those in normal and low body weight pregnant women,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the levels of FPG,2 hPG and in⁃cidence of GDM between normal and low body weight pregnant women(P>0.05).The levels of FPG,2 hPG and inci⁃dence of GDM in pregnant women with weight gain greater than suitable range recommended by Institute of Medicine(IOM)were higher than those in pregnant women with weight gain less than or equal to suitable range recommended by Institute of Medicine(IOM),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that prepregnancy BMI and pregnancy weight gain were positively correlated with FPG and 2 hPG levels(P<0.05).Conclusion Prepregnancy BMI and weight gain during pregnancy are correlated with GDM.Reasonable control of body mass before and during pregnancy is of great significance for the prevention and control of GDM.

关 键 词：孕前体质指数 孕期增重 妊娠糖尿病 

分 类 号：R587[医药卫生—内分泌]