护理学视角下异基因造血干细胞移植病人医院感染病原学分析  

Etiological analysis of nosocomial infection in patients with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from the perspective of nursing

作　　者：刘玲玉[1] 商临萍[2] 郭建利[1] 马艳萍[1] 张建华[1] 侯彦飞[1] LIU Lingyu;SHANG Linping;GUO Jianli;MA Yanping;ZHANG Jianhua;HOU Yanfei(Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Shanxi 030001 China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学第二医院,030001 [2]山西医科大学第一医院,030001

出　　处：《全科护理》2023年第9期1234-1237,共4页Chinese General Practice Nursing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会资助项目,编号:81800171。

摘　　要：目的:了解异基因造血干细胞移植病人预处理至造血重建期间医院感染的病原学特征,并提出护理对策。方法:采用前瞻性研究设计,收集2017年1月—2020年5月山西医科大学第二医院57例异基因造血干细胞移植病人的临床资料、病原菌种类及分布情况。结果:共检出病原菌135株,其中革兰阴性菌58株(42.96%),革兰阳性菌64株(47.41%),真菌7株(5.19%),病毒6株(4.44%),检测出的菌株中排名前3位的分别是大肠埃希菌、表皮葡萄球菌、屎肠球菌;感染部位以肛周、血液、咽部为主,血流感染以大肠埃希菌最为常见。结论:异基因造血干细胞移植病人移植期间医院感染以细菌感染为主,血流感染以大肠埃希菌最为常见,重视基础护理能够降低病人医院感染风险。Objective:To understand the etiological characteristics of nosocomial infection in patients with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from preconditioning to hematopoietic reconstruction,and to propose nursing countermeasures.Methods:A prospective study design was used to collect the clinical data,pathogen species and distribution of 57 patients with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January 2017 to May 2020.Results:A total of 135 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected,including 58 strains(42.96%)of Gram-negative bacteria,64 strains(47.41%)of Gram-positive bacteria,7 strains of fungi(5.19%),6 strains of viruses(4.44%).The top 3 strains detected were Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterococcus faecium.The main infection sites were perianal,blood and pharynx.Escherichia coli is the most common cause of bloodstream infection.Conclusion:Nosocomial infection in patients with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation during transplantation is mainly bacterial infection,and Escherichia coli is the most common cause of bloodstream infection.Paying attention to basic nursing can reduce the risk of nosocomial infection in patients.

关 键 词：异基因造血干细胞移植 医院感染 病原菌 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]