云南高原气候环境下冬季娃娃菜的耗水规律研究  

Water consumption of the mini Chinese cabbage in winter under Yunnan plateau climate

作　　者：倪匡迪 张刘东 陈晨 吴欧俣 NI Kuangdi;ZHANG Liudong;CHEN Chen;WU Ouyu(School of Water Conservancy,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650051,Yunnan,China;Yunnan Water Resources and Hydropower Vocational College,Kunming 650000,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学水利学院,昆明650051 [2]云南水利水电职业技术学院,昆明650000

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2023年第3期98-103,共6页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51669035,51979134);云南省高层次人才培养支持计划(YNWR-QNBJ-2020-168)。

摘　　要：为探究云南高原特色气候环境下冬季露地种植娃娃菜的耗水规律和最优节水灌溉制度,分析了不同水分处理对冬季娃娃菜耗水量、生长的影响以及充分灌溉(T0)处理下娃娃菜各生育周期的耗水规律。结果表明,不同处理下娃娃菜移栽后全生育周期的总灌水次数、总灌水量、总耗水量均表现为T0>T1>T2>T3,T0处理耗水量最大,为154.52 mm,与T0相比,T1耗水量降低12.42%;充分灌溉处理下娃娃菜耗水强度在结球期达到最大值,为2.74 mm·d^(-1);T0、T1处理单株产量无显著差异,T2、T3处理产量均显著低于T0、T1处理,相较T0处理下降了60.95%~86.96%。相对湿度与充分灌溉条件下冬季娃娃菜耗水量呈极显著负相关,是冬季娃娃菜耗水量的主要影响因素。试验表明娃娃菜的耗水量及生长发育情况受土壤含水率影响明显,控制在田间持水量的80%~90%进行调亏灌溉可作为冬季娃娃菜生产的推荐节水灌溉方案,试验结果可为云南地区作物种植提供参考。In order to explore the water consumption and optimal water-saving irrigation system of mini Chinese cabbage open field production in winter in Yunnan Plateau,the experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of different water treatments on water consumption and growth of the mini Chinese cabbage under full irrigation(T0)treatment.The results showed that,irrigation times,irrigation water volume and water consumption of the mini Chinese cabbage in the whole growth cycle after transplanting was T0>T1>T2>T3 under different treatments.The water consumption of T0 treatment was the largest,which was 154.52 mm.Compared with T0,the water consumption of T1 decreased by 12.42%.Under the full irrigation treatment,the water consumption intensity of the mini Chinese cabbage reached the maximum value at the heading stage,which was 2.74 mm·d^(-1).There was no significant difference in yield of T0 and T1 treatments,and the yield of T2 and T3 treatments was significantly reduced,which was 60.95%-86.96%lower than that of T0 treatment.There was a significant negative correlation between relative humidity and water consumption under full irrigation,which was the main influencing factor of water consumption.The water consumption and growth of the mini Chinesecabbage is significantly affected by soil moisture content.Controlling 80%-90%of field water capacity for regulated sewage irrigation can be used as the recommended water-saving irrigation scheme for the mini Chinese cabbage production.

关 键 词：娃娃菜 耗水规律 耗水强度 调亏灌溉 

分 类 号：S634[农业科学—蔬菜学]