长三角地区生态承载力评价——以苏州市为例  

Evaluation of ecological carrying capacity in Yangtze River Delta:a case study of Suzhou City

作　　者：乐晖 金文龙[2] 陈亢利[1] YUE Hui;JIN Wenlong;CHEN Kangli(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Suzhou University of Science and Technology;Suzhou Institute of Environmental Science)

机构地区：[1]苏州科技大学环境科学与工程学院 [2]苏州市环境科学研究所

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2023年第2期725-732,共8页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07205-002)。

摘　　要：基于生态弹性力、承载媒体的支撑力和承载对象的压力3个方面,选取气候条件、水文情况、地物覆被、资源供给、环境治理、社会发展、资源耗损、环境污染、人口压力和经济增长10个影响因素,构建了包含35项指标的长三角地区生态承载力指标体系,使用层次分析法(AHP)和主成分分析法(PCA)确定评价因子的主、客观权重,以苏州市为例,开展生态承载力评价和障碍因子分析。结果表明:苏州市2011—2018年的生态承载力指数总体趋势平稳,承载力水平处于中承载状态;生态弹性力子系统经历了弱稳定—高稳定—中稳定的演变过程,承载媒体的支撑力子系统经历了低支撑—中支撑—较强支撑—中支撑的演变过程,承载对象的压力子系统经历了较低压—中压—较高压的演变过程。结合苏州市生态承载力障碍因子分析发现,承载媒体的支撑力是苏州市生态承载力的主要影响层,因素层中主要障碍因子有水文情况、环境治理和环境污染,指标层中主要障碍因子有工业烟尘排放量、城区区域环境噪声、工业废水排放量和人均水资源量。研究成果客观反映了苏州市生态承载力状况,对苏州市可持续发展提出合理的对策和建议,可为长三角地区生态承载力研究提供一定借鉴。Based on three aspects of ecological elasticity,supporting capacity of carrying media and pressure of carrying objects,ten influencing factors were selected,including climate conditions,hydrological conditions,ground cover,resource supply,environmental governance,social development,resource consumption,environmental pollution,population pressure and economic growth,to construct an index system of ecological carrying capacity in the Yangtze River Delta.The index system included 35 indexes.The subjective and objective weights of the evaluation factors were determined by the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and principal component analysis(PCA).Taking Suzhou City as an example,ecological carrying capacity evaluation and obstacle factor analysis were carried out.The results showed that the overall trend of the ecological carrying capacity index of Suzhou from 2011 to 2018 was stable,and the carrying capacity level was in a medium carrying state.The subsystem of ecological elasticity had experienced the evolution process of weak stability,high stability and medium stability;the supporting capacity subsystem of carrying media had the evolution process of low support,medium support,strong support and medium support;the pressure subsystem of the bearing object showed the evolution process of lower pressure,medium pressure and higher pressure.Combined with the analysis of the obstacle factor of the ecological carrying capacity of Suzhou,it was found that the supporting capacity of bearing media was the main influencing layer of the ecological carrying capacity of Suzhou.The main obstacle factors in the factor layer included hydrological conditions,environmental treatment and environmental pollution,while the main obstacle factors in the index layer included industrial smoke and dust emission,urban regional environmental noise value and industrial wastewater emission and per capita water resources.The research results objectively reflected the status of ecological carrying capacity of Suzhou.Finally,reasonable countermeasure

关 键 词：生态承载力 AHP-PCA法 指标体系 障碍因子 可持续发展 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]