基于充电脉冲激励的电池内短路故障诊断方法  

Battery internal short-circuit fault diagnosis method for battery based on charging pulse excitation

作　　者：吴静云 鄢博 戚文 孙金磊[3] WU Jingyun;YAN Bo;QI Wen;SUN Jinlei(Jiangsu Electric Power Design Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing Jiangsu 210008,China;Economic Research Institute of State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing Jiangsu 210008,China;School of Automation,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing Jiangsu 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]国网江苏电力设计咨询有限公司,江苏南京210008 [2]国网江苏省电力有限公司经济研究院,江苏南京210008 [3]南京理工大学自动化学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《电源技术》2023年第3期332-336,共5页Chinese Journal of Power Sources

基　　金：国网江苏电力设计咨询有限公司科技项目,电动汽车充电站火灾防控关键技术研究与应用(JE202104)。

摘　　要：动力锂离子电池是电动汽车重要的动力来源,其安全稳定运行对于保障电动汽车续航里程和保证驾乘人员安全具有重要意义。然而,目前锂离子电池相关的安全事故频发,而电池内短路故障由于发生在电池内部,具有隐蔽性和不可预知性而难以察觉。提出一种面向电动汽车充电过程的电池内短路故障诊断方法,以阶梯充电电流作为激励,通过建立电池内短路故障等效电路模型,结合带遗忘因子的最小二乘算法辨识等效电路模型参数,进而进行荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)估计和短路电阻估计,从而实现电池内短路故障诊断。在所搭建的电池内短路故障模拟测试平台上进行实验,结果表明所提出方法可以有效识别模拟的50和75Ω短路故障,短路电阻估计精度分别是94%和86.7%。Power lithium-ion battery is an important source of power for electric vehicles,and its safe and stable operation is of great significance to ensure the cruising range of electric vehicles and ensure the safety of drivers and passengers.However,at present,lithium-ion battery-related safety accidents are frequent,and short-circuit faults in batteries are difficult to detect because they occur inside the battery,which is hidden and unpredictable.An intra-battery short-circuit fault diagnosis method for the charging process of electric vehicles was proposed,which took the stepped charging current as the incentive,the equivalent circuit model of the short-circuit fault in the battery was established,and the equivalent circuit model parameters by combining the least squares algorithm with the forgetting factor was identified,and then state of charge(SOC)estimation and short-circuit resistance estimation was performed,and the short-circuit fault diagnosis in the battery was realized.Experiments are carried out on the short-circuit fault simulation test platform in the battery,and the results show that the proposed method can effectively identify the simulated 50 and 75Ωshort-circuit faults,and the short-circuit resistance estimation accuracy is 94%and 86.7%,respectively.

关 键 词：电动汽车充电 电池内短路 故障诊断 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]