发酵豆粕对蛋雏鸡生长性能、养分表观代谢率、血液指标和盲肠微生物的影响  

Effects of fermented soybean meal on the growth performance,nutrient apparent metabolic rate,blood indicators and cecum microbiota of pullets

作　　者：陈添晔 许晨远 敖蕊 朱崇淼 姚文[1] 郑卫江[1] CHEN Tianye;XU Chenyuan;AO Rui;ZHU Chongmiao;YAO Wen;ZHENG Weijiang(College of Animal Science and Technology,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Nanjing Zhirun Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 211124,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学动物科技学院,江苏南京210095 [2]南京致润生物科技集团有限公司,江苏南京211124

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2023年第2期333-344,共12页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新项目[CX(19)1006];江苏省重点研发计划(现代农业)专项(BE2020378)。

摘　　要：[目的]本试验旨在研究发酵豆粕对蛋雏鸡生长性能、养分表观代谢率、血清生化指标、抗氧化性能和盲肠微生物的影响。[方法]选取320只33日龄海兰褐蛋雏鸡,随机分成5组(每组8个重复,每个重复8只鸡),对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂含质量分数为2.5%、5.0%、7.5%和10.0%发酵豆粕的等能等蛋白替代基础饲粮中普通豆粕的试验饲粮,试验为期28 d。[结果]不同比例发酵豆粕对蛋雏鸡各阶段生长性能均无显著影响(P>0.05),对总能、干物质和钙的表观代谢率也无显著影响(P>0.05),但2.5%发酵豆粕组粗蛋白、粗灰分和总磷的表观代谢率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。2.5%和7.5%发酵豆粕组血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶活性显著低于10%发酵豆粕组(P<0.05),5%发酵豆粕组血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶活性显著低于对照组和10%发酵豆粕组(P<0.05);2.5%发酵豆粕组血清总抗氧化能力和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,2.5%发酵豆粕组盲肠食糜中普氏菌属9(Prevotella 9)和Mucispirillum相对丰度显著升高(P<0.05),螺杆菌属(Helicobacter)和副萨特氏菌属(Parasutterella)相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05)。[结论]2.5%发酵豆粕对部分养分表观代谢率和血清抗氧化指标具有积极作用,但随着发酵豆粕水平的增加,蛋雏鸡养分表观代谢率和血清抗氧化性能呈线性或二次曲线降低。此外,2.5%发酵豆粕提高了盲肠食糜有益菌(普氏菌属9和布劳特氏菌)的相对丰度,抑制了病原菌(螺杆菌属和副萨特氏菌属)的定殖。[Objectives]The experiment investigated the effects of fermented soybean meal on growth performance,nutrition apparent metabolic rate,blood indictors and cecum microbiota of pullets.[Methods]A total of 320 healthy 33-day-old Hy-line brown pullets were randomly divided into 5 groups(eight replicates per group,eight pullets per replicate).Pullets in the control group were fed a basic diet,while birds in the test groups were fed experimental diets in which the conventional soybean meal was replaced by fermented soybean meal at the levels of 2.5%,5.0%,7.5%and 10.0% respectively with equal energy and protein.This experiment lasted for 28 days.[Results]Different proportions of fermented soybean meal had no effect on the growth performance of pullets(P>0.05).The apparent metabolic rates of gross energy,dry matter and calcium were not affected by fermented soybean meal(P>0.05).However,the apparent metabolic rates of crude protein,crude ash,and total phosphorus were significantly higher in the 2.5% fermented soybean meal group than those in the control group(P<0.05).The serum alanine aminotransferase activity was significantly lower in 2.5%and 7.5% fermented soybean meal compared with 10.0%fermented soybean meal group(P<0.05).The serum alanine aminotransferase activity in 5%fermented soybean meal was significantly lower than that in the control group and 10.0% fermented soybean meal group(P<0.05).The serum total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase activity were significantly higher in the 2.5% fermented soybean meal group than those in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the relative abundance of Prevotella 9 and Mucispirillum increased(P<0.05),while the relative abundance of Helicobacter and Parasutterella decreased(P<0.05)in 2.5%fermented soybean meal group.[Conclusions]The 2.5% fermented soybean meal had a positive effect on nutrient apparent metabolic rates and serum antioxidant indicators.However,the apparent metabolic rates of nutrients and serum antioxidant performance of pullets d

关 键 词：发酵豆粕 蛋雏鸡 养分表观代谢率 血清生化指标 抗氧化性能 盲肠微生物 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学]