酪丁酸梭菌发酵废弃虾壳产新型单细胞蛋白饲料的研究  

Production of Novel Single Cell Protein Feed Using Clostridium tyrobutyricum Fed on Discarded Shrimp Shells

作　　者：杨智晗 杨蕾 陈盈利 朱丽英 朱政明 江凌[3,4] YANG Zhihan;YANG Lei;CHEN Yingli;ZHU Liying;ZHU Zhengming;JIANG Ling(School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211816,China;School of Chemical and Molecular Engineering,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211816,China;School of Food and Light Industry,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211816,China;State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering of Materials,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211816,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学生物与制药工程学院,江苏南京211816 [2]南京工业大学化学与分子工程学院,江苏南京211816 [3]南京工业大学食品与轻工学院,江苏南京211816 [4]南京工业大学材料化学工程国家重点实验室,江苏南京211816

出　　处：《食品与生物技术学报》2023年第2期25-30,共6页Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金优秀青年基金项目(31922070);国家自然科学基金山东联合基金重点支持项目(U2106228);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(22008114);江苏省自然科学基金青年基金项目(BK20200684);江苏省先进生物制造创新中心资助项目(XTC2205)。

摘　　要：利用废弃虾壳粉末作为酪丁酸梭菌营养基底生产单细胞蛋白的氮源,探究了不同虾壳粉添加量对菌株生长和生产短链脂肪酸(乙酸、丁酸)的影响,测定了酪丁酸梭菌发酵虾壳粉得到的单细胞蛋白饲料的粗蛋白、粗纤维、粗脂肪质量分数以及氨基酸组成,综合评价了蛋白饲料的营养价值。结果表明,在葡萄糖与虾壳粉碳氮质量比为8∶1.75时,生长性能最优且能够生产1.68 g/L的乙酸与3.45 g/L的丁酸。发酵虾壳粉后粗蛋白质量分数较虾壳粉原料提高了7%,粗脂肪、粗纤维质量分数也分别增加了117%和92%,同时灰分质量分数降低了13%。此外,饲料含有的氨基酸种类丰富,且与原料相比16种氨基酸中12种都相应增加。最后,结合发酵前后营养成分和其中短链脂肪酸的变化来看,酪丁酸梭菌发酵虾壳粉生产的单细胞蛋白饲料营养价值丰富,生产过程绿色,成本低廉,是一种有潜力的新型蛋白饲料。This study aimed to use the waste shrimp shell meal as a nitrogen source for the production of single cell protein from Clostridium tyrobutyricum.We investigated the effects of different amount of shrimp shell meal on the growth and production of short-chain fatty acids(acetic acid and butyric acid)of the strain,and determined the content of crude protein,crude fiber,crude fat and the composition of amino acid in the single-cell protein obtained by fermentation of shrimp shell meal by Clostridium tyrobutyricum to comprehensively evaluated the nutritional value of the protein feed.The results showed that the best growth performance was achieved at a carbon to nitrogen ratio of 8∶1.75 between glucose and shrimp shell meal,which produced 1.68 g/L of acetic acid and 3.45 g/L of butyric acid.After the fermentation of shrimp shell meal,the content of crude protein,crude fat and crude fiber increased by 7%,117%and 92%,respectively,while the content of ash decreased by 13%,compared with those of shrimp shell meal.In addition,the feed contained a rich variety of amino acids,and 12 of the 16 amino acids were increased accordingly compared to the raw material.Finally,combined with the gain of nutritional composition before and after fermentation and the increase of short-chain fatty acids among them,the single-cell protein feed produced by Clostridium tyrobutyricum fermentation of shrimp shell meal is rich in nutritional value,green in production and cheap in cost,which is a novel potential protein feed.

关 键 词：酪丁酸梭菌 短链脂肪酸 单细胞蛋白饲料 虾壳粉 

分 类 号：Q815[生物学—生物工程]