基于POI大数据的开封市城市功能扩张与演替特征分析  

Spatial Expansion and Succession Characteristics of Urban Function in Kaifeng City based on POI Big Data

作　　者：张慧馨 张丽君[1] 秦耀辰[1,2] 王静帆 段杰冉 田梦男 ZHANG Huixin;ZHANG Lijun;QIN Yaochen;WANG Jingfan;DUAN Jieran;TIAN Mengnan(College of Geography and Environmental Science,Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions,Kaifeng 475004,China;Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development&Collaborative Innovation Center on Yellow River Civilization jointly built by Henan Province and Ministry of Education,Henan University,Kaifeng 475004,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学地理与环境学院/黄河中下游数字地理技术教育部重点实验室,开封475004 [2]河南大学黄河文明与可持续发展研究中心暨黄河文明省部共建协同创新中心,开封475004

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2023年第3期560-572,共13页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42071294、42171295);河南省优秀青年科学基金项目(222300420030);河南省哲学社会科学规划项目(2020BJJ019);河南省高等学校人文社会科学研究项目(2021-ZDJH-057)。

摘　　要：以POI为代表的社会感知数据为精细尺度城市空间结构研究提供了新思路,然而,POI数据与传统光学遥感数据的关系、长时序POI数据表征的城市功能空间扩张与演替特征还有待进一步挖掘。因而,本文以开封市主城区为例,采用2005—2020年POI数据,通过构建城市街区尺度功能集聚-扩散分析框架,利用空间统计指标和区位熵指数分析城市功能的演替特征与复合功能变化。结果发现:(1)2005—2020年开封市城市社会经济活动呈逐渐增长的扩张态势,活动空间的面积扩张了11.26 km2,年均扩张速度由2005—2015年的3.5%提升至2015—2020年的5.1%;(2)城市各种活动的集聚、扩散过程造成不同功能的演替变化,其中开封市商服功能集聚程度较高,虽然受到新城区商业中心扩散的影响,单中心的城市发展模式依然没有发生变化;(3)具有复合功能的城市街区不断增多,对单中心的城市结构形成有益支撑。复合功能较强的街区主要分布在活力高、居民生活较为便捷的区域。本研究不仅能为城市空间规划的研究提供理论和技术支撑,也为城市更新、可持续发展以及国土空间规划提供新的思路。The social sensing data such as POI provides new insights into fine-scale urban spatial structure study.However,the relationship between POI data and traditional remote sensing data needs to be further explored.Moreover,due to limited long-term POI data,the study on spatial expansion and succession characteristics of urban functions is still relatively rare.Therefore,this article took the main urban area of Kaifeng City as an example and used POI data between 2005 and 2020 to analyze the succession characteristics of urban functions and composite function changes.An analytical framework on spatial agglomeration and diffusion of urban functions was constructed to investigate the spatial process of human activity at block scale.Spatial statistical indicators and location entropy indices were used to analyze the characteristics of urban function succession and compound function change.The results show that:(1)Urban socioeconomic activities in Kaifeng showed a gradual expansion trend,and the area of activity space expanded by 11.26 km2from 2005 to 2020.The average annual expansion rate increased from 3.5%during 2005 to 2015 to 5.1%during 2015 to 2020.POI data are more sensitive than remote sensing data on succession characteristics of activity spaces.(2)The process of agglomeration and diffusion of various urban activities results in the succession and change of different functions.Especially,Kaifeng has a relatively high degree of agglomeration for commercial service functions.Among them,the degree of agglomeration of commercial service functions in Kaifeng is relatively high.Although affected by the diffusion of commercial centers in new urban areas,the single-center urban development mode still does not change.The public administration and public service functions also show a central peripheral structure clustered in the old town,and the functional supply of the new urban areas needs to be improved.The residential function gradually changes from a relatively balanced functional configuration to agglomeration distr

关 键 词：POI数据 活动空间 功能扩张 功能演替 空间扩张 功能集聚 区位熵 开封 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]