中国农村居民新冠病毒感染流行时期口罩佩戴与更换情况及其影响因素分析  

Prevalence and associates of mask-wearing and-replacing among rural residents in China during COVID-19 epidemic:a cross-sectional survey

作　　者：郑智源 王萍 王一洋 吴玉高 李卓阳 梁承耀 林白雪 方菁[1] ZHENG Zhi-yuan;WANG Ping;WANG Yi-yang(Institute for Health Sciences,Kunming Medical University,Kunming,Yunnan Province 650500,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学健康研究所,云南昆明650500 [2]潍坊市人民医院质量控制办公室 [3]菏泽市立医院医务部

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2023年第2期186-190,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(19XGL022)。

摘　　要：目的了解中国农村居民新型冠状病毒感染流行时期口罩佩戴和更换情况及其影响因素,为制定相关防疫措施提供科学依据。方法于2021年7—12月采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法在中国东、中、西部地区分别抽取山东、山西、云南3个省共6个县的3864名≥15岁农村居民进行问卷调查。结果最终纳入分析的3832名中国农村居民中,有3586名(93.58%)居民在新冠病毒感染流行时期外出时佩戴口罩,其中仅1594名(44.45%)居民口罩佩戴4 h能够及时更换;多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,女性、小学及以上文化程度的农村居民新冠病毒感染流行时期更易佩戴口罩,年龄≥35岁、职业为失业或无业人员、山西省和云南省的农村居民新冠病毒感染流行时期不易佩戴口罩;女性、文化程度初中及以上和职业为企事业单位及退休人员的农村居民新冠病毒感染流行时期更换口罩更及时,年龄≥35岁、离异/丧偶、山西省和云南省的中国农村居民新冠病毒感染流行时期更换口罩不及时。结论中国农村居民新冠病毒感染流行时期佩戴口罩者的比例较高,但及时更换口罩者的比例较低,性别、年龄、文化程度、职业和省份是中国农村居民新冠病毒感染流行时期佩戴和更换口罩的共同影响因素。Objective To examine mask wearing and replacing behavior and its influencing factors among rural residents in China during the epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)for providing evidence to develop preventive measures against COVID-19 epidemic.Methods With a self-designed questionnaire and multistage random cluster sampling,we conducted a face-to-face interview among 3864 permanent residents aged≥15 years recruited from 36villages in three provinces(Shandong,Shanxi and Yunnan)located at eastern,central and western region of China from July through December 2021.Results Among the 3832 rural residents finally included in the analysis,3586(93.58%)reported mask-wearing during the period of COVID-19 epidemic.Of the residents reporting mask-wearing,only 1594(44.45%)reported being able to do mask replacement every 4 hours.Unconditional multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that the residents being female and with the education of primary school and above were more likely to wear mask during the epidemic;while the residents aged≥35 years,being unemployed,and living in regions of Shanxi or Yunnan province were less likely to wear mask.The analyses also demonstrated that the residents being female,with the education of junior high school and above,working in enterprises or government departments,and being retired were more likely to do mask replacement in time;but the residents aged≥35 years,being divorced or widowed,and living in regions of Shanxi or Yunnan province were less likely to do mask replacement in time.Conclusion During the epidemic period of COVID-19,the proportion of Chinese rural residents who wore masks was high,but the proportion of timely-mask replacement was low.Gender,age,education level,occupation and living region are common influencing factors for Chinese rural residents to wear and replace masks during the period.

关 键 词：口罩 佩戴 更换 新型冠状病毒感染 农村居民 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]