稻田土壤铜含量对水稻籽粒灌浆特性与产量的影响  

Effects of the Content of Cu on Grain Filling Properties and Grain Yield in Paddy Soils

作　　者：袁源远 刘瑛 吴建富[1,2] 颜晓 荣勤雷[1] 卢志红 YUAN Yuanyuan;LIU Ying;WU Jianfu;YAN Xiao;RONG Qinlei;LU Zhihong(College of Land Resources and Environment,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330045;Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Ecology of Poyang Lake Basin,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330045;Jiangxi Yichun Selenium Resources Development and Utilization Center,Yichun,Jiangxi 336000)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学国土资源与环境学院,江西南昌330045 [2]江西省鄱阳湖流域农业资源与生态重点实验室,江西南昌330045 [3]江西省宜春市硒资源开发利用中心,江西宜春336000

出　　处：《核农学报》2023年第1期188-195,共8页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31860589)。

摘　　要：为探究稻田土壤铜含量对水稻产量及籽粒灌浆特性的影响,于2019和2021年通过盆栽试验分析24.32(对照,CK)、100(Cu100)和200 mg·kg^(-1)(Cu200)稻田土壤铜含量下水稻的产量差异,并通过Richards方程对籽粒灌浆过程进行拟合,比较籽粒灌浆参数之间的差异,探讨铜含量对不同粒位籽粒灌浆特性的影响。结果表明,2019和2021年Cu200处理水稻产量较CK分别减少31.18%和39.50%(P<0.05);而Cu100处理水稻产量较CK分别表现为减少12.94%(P<0.05)和增加10.07%(P>0.05)。土壤不同铜含量处理下水稻籽粒灌浆特性表明,与对照相比,Cu100处理强势粒延长了活跃灌浆期(D)和到达最大灌浆速率的时间(Tmax),最终生长量A值提高,而弱势粒D值及Tmax明显缩短,A值明显降低;Cu200处理强、弱势粒D值及Tmax明显减小,A值显著降低。总体而言,各处理对弱势粒灌浆影响大于强势粒。进一步分析不同土壤铜含量下水稻产量变化规律发现,与CK相比,Cu100处理水稻增产是由于强势粒粒重增加的同时有效穗数也有所增加,一定程度上抵消了弱势粒灌浆不充分所带来的负面影响;而Cu200处理产量显著下降是由于强、弱势粒灌浆不充分共同作用,导致有效穗数及千粒重显著降低。本研究结果可为进一步合理利用铜污染土壤提供理论依据。To investigate the effects of soil Cu content in paddy soils on grain yield and grain filling properties,differences in grain yield under 24.32(control,CK),100(Cu100),and 200 mg·kg^(-1)(Cu200)soil Cu content in paddy soils were analyzed by pot experiments in 2019 and 2021.And the differences between grain filling parameters were compared by fitting the Richards equation to investigate the effects of Cu content on grain filling properties at different grain positions.The results showed that the Cu200 treatment reduced grain yield by 31.18%and 39.50%compared with CK in 2019 and 2021(P<0.05),respectively.However,the rice yield of Cu100 treatment decreased by 12.94%(P<0.05)and increased by 10.07%(P>0.05),respectively.The characteristics of grain filling under different soil Cu contents indicated that the Cu100 treatment of superior grains increased by the prolonged active filling stage(D)and the time of reaching the maximum filling rate(Tmax),thus the final growth volume(A value)increased in Cu100 treatment when compared with the control;whereas,the inferior grains showed a decreased A value as a result of the reduced D and Tmax value.What’s more,the A values of superior and inferior grains were both significantly decreased caused by the lower D and Tmax value of superior and inferior grains in Cu200 treatment.In general,the effect of different treatments on the filling of inferior grains was greater than that of superior grains.Further analysis of yield variation with different soil Cu contents was conducted.Compared with the control,the yield increase of Cu100 treatment was due to the increase of superior grains weight and the number of effective panicles,which partly offset the negative impact of insufficient filling of inferior grains.However,the significant decrease in yield of Cu200 treatment was due to the significant decrease in effective panicles and 1000-grain weight caused by insufficient grain filling of superior and inferior grains.The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for further

关 键 词：水稻 铜含量 强势粒 弱势粒 籽粒灌浆 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]