Genomic footprints of Kam Sweet Rice domestication indicate possible migration routes of theDongpeople inChina andprovide resources for future rice breeding  

作　　者：Chunhui Liu Tianyi Wang Huicha Chen Xiaoding Ma Chengzhi Jiao Di Cui Bing Han Xiaobing Li Aixia Jiao Renchao Ruan Dayuan Xue Yanjie Wang Longzhi Han 

机构地区：[1]Institute of Crop Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China [2]College of Life and Environmental Sciences,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081,China [3]Smartgenomics Technology Institute,Tianjin 301700,China [4]Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550025,China

出　　处：《Molecular Plant》2023年第2期415-431,共17页分子植物（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD1200500);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31901487);the CAAS Science and Technology Innovation Program,the Protective Program of Crop Germplasm of China(19200385-1);the Third National Survey and Collection Action on Crop Germplasm Resource(19210859,19210860);the National Crop Germplasm Resources Center(NCGRC-2021-02).

摘　　要：The Dong people are one of China’s 55 recognized ethnic minorities,but there has been a long-standing debate about their origins.In this study,we performed whole-genome resequencing of Kam Sweet Rice(KSR),a valuable,rare,and ancient rice landrace unique to the Dong people.Through comparative genomic analyses of KSR and other rice landraces from south of the Yangtze River Basin in China,we provide evidence that the ancestors of the Dong people likely originated from the southeast coast of China at least 1000 years ago.Alien introgression and admixture in KSR demonstrated multiple migration events in the history of the Dong people.Genomic footprints of domestication demonstrated characteristics of KSR that arose from artificial selection and geographical adaptation by the Dong people.The key genes GS3,Hd1,and DPS1(related to agronomic traits)and LTG1 and MYBS3(related to cold tolerance)were identified as domestication targets,reflecting crop improvement and changes in the geographical environment of the Dong people during migration.A genome-wide association study revealed a candidate yield-associated gene,Os01g0923300,a specific haplotype in KSR that is important for regulating grain number per panicle.RNA-sequencing and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR results showed that this gene was more highly expressed in KSR than in ancestral populations,indicating that it may have great value in increasing yield potential in other rice accessions.In summary,our work develops a novel approach for studying human civilization and migration patterns and provides valuable genomic datasets and resources for future breeding of high-yield and climate-resilient rice varieties.

关 键 词：Dong ethnic group Kam Sweet Rice genomic evolution population genetics 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]