近三届奥运会我国游泳项目竞技表现、现实困境与优化路径  

Competitive Performance,Realistic Dilemma And Optimization Path of China's Swimming Events in the Recent Three Olympic Games

作　　者：马勤[1] 姜恺健 彭伟[3] 彭国强 MA Qin;JIANG Kai-jian;PENG Wei;PENG Guo-qiang(Sports Training College of Nanjing Institute of Physical Education,Nanjing 210046,China;Graduate Department of Nanjing Institute of Physical Education,Nanjing 210014,China;College of Physical Education of Nanjing Institute of Physical Education,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]南京体育学院运动训练学院,江苏南京21004 [2]南京体育学院研究生部,江苏南京210014 [3]南京体育学院体育教育与人文学院,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《吉林体育学院学报》2023年第1期81-91,共11页Journal of Jilin Sport University

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(21YJC890006);江苏高校哲学社会科学研究项目(2019SJA0364)。

摘　　要：在备战巴黎奥运会的背景下,探讨近三届奥运会我国游泳项目的竞技表现,提出游泳项目发展的优化路径,对提升我国游泳项目竞技水平具有现实意义。综合运用文献资料、数理统计、对比分析等研究方法,对近三届奥运会我国游泳项目的参赛表现进行分析。研究认为,近三届奥运会我国游泳项目整体成绩不稳定,不同性别游泳项目竞技水平发展不均衡,“阴盛阳衰”现象比较明显;优秀后备人才储备结构不稳定,游泳项目可持续发展效能不足;运动员选拔培养模式比较单一,世界大赛参赛人数整体下滑;金牌至上的夺标理念依然占主导,游泳项目竞技水平难以整体提升;游泳项目内部结构发展不均衡,耐力性项目水平下滑比较严重。研究提出:系统挖掘女子游泳项目崛起经验,尽快突破男子项目发展瓶颈;优化游泳后备人才储备结构,科学推动游泳项目可持续发展;引导社会、市场、协会等多元主体参与,提高游泳项目社会化水平;科学评判游泳项目综合发展指标,提升游泳项目整体为国争光能力;科技助力提升训练参赛智慧化水平,促进游泳项目科学化发展。Under the background of preparing for the Paris Olympic Games,this paper probes into the competitive performance of our country's swimming events in the last three Olympic Games,and puts forward the optimized path of the development of swimming events,which has practical significance for improving the competitive level of our country's swimming events.By using the methods of literature,mathematical statistics and comparative analysis,this paper analyzes the performance of swimming events in our country in the last three Olympic Games.The results show that the overall performance of swimming events in our country in the last three Olympic Games is not stable,the development of swimming events of different genders is not balanced,and the phenomenon of“Yin is in the ascendant and Yang is in the wane”is obvious The reserve structure of excellent reserve talents is not stable,and the sustainable development of swimming events is insufficient The concept of gold medal supremacy is still dominant,and it is difficult to improve the competitive level of swimming events as a whole.The study points out that we should systematically explore the rising experience of women's swimming events,break through the bottleneck of men's swimming events,optimize the reserve structure of swimming talents,and promote the sustainable development of swimming events scientifically To guide the participation of the Society,Market and association,to improve the level of socialization of swimming events,to scientifically evaluate the comprehensive development index of swimming events,and to enhance the ability of swimming events to win glory for the country as a whole;Science and technology help to improve the level of intelligent training,and promote the scientific development of swimming events.

关 键 词：奥运会 竞技体育 游泳项目 竞技表现 

分 类 号：G861.1[文化科学—体育训练]