论弗里德里希·尼采的历史思想  

On Friedrich Nietzsche’s Historical Thought

作　　者：庄泽珑 Zhuang Zelong

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史学系

出　　处：《理论界》2023年第1期68-74,共7页Theory Horizon

摘　　要：《历史的用途与滥用》让尼采给许多后世学者留下了“反历史”的刻板印象,但这个早期文本不能有效涵盖尼采对待历史的总体态度,历史感在他后续的哲学思想中承担着重要功能。无论是强调其中的积极因素还是消极因素,历史对尼采来说始终与多元主义相联系,它一方面表现出对任何外来文化、价值观的好奇心,另一方面表现出对事物内部异质成分的洞察力。在主张多元与流变的绝对性时,尼采没有与他的语词保持距离,故而后现代主义史学理论对尼采历史思想的“隐喻”诠释是有待商榷的。On the Use and Abuse of History for Life has left Nietzsche with an anti-history stereotype to many scholars, but this early text cannot effectively cover Nietzsche’s overall attitude towards history. Historical sense plays an important role in his subsequent philosophy. Whether highlighting the positive or negative aspects of it, history has always been associated with pluralism for Nietzsche. On the one hand, it shows a curiosity about any foreign culture and values, on the other hand, it shows insight into the heterogeneity of things. When advocating the absoluteness of pluralism and change, Nietzsche did not keep a distance from his words, so the "metaphor" interpretation of Nietzsche’s historical thought by postmodern historical theory remains to be discussed.

关 键 词：尼采 历史 文化批评 自由精神 多元主义 

分 类 号：K09[历史地理—历史学]