基于科技文献的科技创新供需矩阵构建及评估应用研究  

Research on Construction and Assessment Application of Supply-Demand Matrix of Scientific and Technological Innovation Based on Scientific and Technical Literature

作　　者：朱宇寒 张均胜[1] 乔晓东[1] 张吉玉 Zhu Yuhan;Zhang Junsheng;Qiao Xiaodong;Zhang Jiyu(Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China,Beijing 100038)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术信息研究所,北京100038

出　　处：《图书情报工作》2023年第3期3-15,共13页Library and Information Service

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“颠覆性技术识别理论、方法与专家预判系统”(项目编号:2019YFA0707201);中国科学技术信息研究所创新研究基金项目“颠覆性技术预判专家画像构建及遴选方法研究”(项目编号:QN2022-11)研究成果之一

摘　　要：[目的/意义]通过科技创新供需矩阵构建及矩阵评估研究,探究科技文献集合对应研究领域内科技创新供需状况,发现研究热点,预测研究趋势,辅助研究机会发现.[方法/过程]提出一种基于科技文献的科技创新供需矩阵,并将其应用于科技创新供需状况评估.该方法将科技文献中的研究问题与研究方法映射到需求与供给并形成矩阵表示,对矩阵维度进行组织排序,依据研究问题与研究方法的共现关系开展矩阵供需状况评估.实验结果显示,该方法具有可行性与有效性.[结果/结论]基于研究问题和研究方法对科技文献文本进行细粒度知识单元关联分析,构建科技创新供需矩阵,有助于分析相关领域研究状况,了解研究进展与趋势,发现潜在研究机会.[Purpose/Significance]Through the construction of scientific and technological innovation supply and demand matrix and its assessment research,this paper is to explore the supply and demand of scientific and technological innovation within a certain research scope decided by the specific scientific and technical literature collection,discover research hotspots,predict research trends,and assist in the discovery of research opportunities.[Method/Process]This paper proposed a supply-demand matrix of scientific and technological innovation based on scientific and technical literature,and analyzed the scientific and technological innovation supply-demand situation for assessment.Firstly,it mapped research problems and methods in scientific and technical literature to demand and supply for matrix dimension representation;Secondly,it proposed the method of matrix dimension organization and ranking;Finally,according to the co-occurrence relationship between the research questions and the research methods,it analyzed the matrix supply and demand status for assessment.Experiment results verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the method.[Result/Conclusion]From the perspective of research questions and research methods,the fine-grained knowledge unit correlation analysis of scientific and technical literature and the construction of scientific and technological innovation supply-demand matrix are helpful to analyze status of related research fields,understand research progress and trends,and discover potential research opportunities.

关 键 词：科技文献 科技创新 供需矩阵 

分 类 号：G250[文化科学—图书馆学]