考虑机组稳定约束的风机一次调频控制策略  

Turbine Stability-constrained Primary Frequency Control of Wind Turbine Generator

作　　者：张正阳 殷明慧[1] 李阳 陈载宇 李强 邹云[1] ZHANG Zhengyang;YIN Minghui;LI Yang;CHEN Zaiyu;LI Qiang;ZOU Yun(School of Automation,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,Jiangsu Province,China;Jiangsu Electric Power Research Institute,Nanjing 211103,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学自动化学院,江苏省南京市210094 [2]国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,江苏省南京市211103

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2023年第4期1471-1480,共10页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51977111);江苏省青蓝工程;江苏省科技成果转化专项资金项目(BA2019045)。

摘　　要：新能源高占比电力系统迫切需要风电机组参与一次调频。对于一类基于风轮动能释放的风机一次调频控制,由于风轮转速降低且电磁功率调节服务于电网调频,其设计关键在于协调自身稳定与电网支撑。现有研究通过将输出电磁功率设定为与风轮转速正相关的变量来提升调频风机的稳定性,但其实质上不是闭环反馈控制。该文发现面对实际湍流风速,风机在渐弱阵风阶段启动调频依然存在失稳风险。为克服变化风速下调频风机的失稳问题,该文首先分析变化风速下参与一次调频风机的稳定边界及其失稳机理;此基础上,提出附加闭环转速控制环节的风机参与一次调频改进策略。最后,基于含风电的电力系统动模实验平台,验证该文提出的改进策略能够有效保证变化风速下参与一次调频风机的稳定运行。Modern power systems with soaring wind power penetration level urgently calls for wind turbine generators(WTGs) to participate in primary frequency regulation. The primary frequency control of WTGs can be realized by releasing the kinetic energy(KE) stored in wind rotor. Because the WTG decelerates while the electric power is adjusted for system frequency regulation, a problem is the coordination between maintaining WTG stability and supporting system frequency. Existing works had tried to enhance WTG stability by setting an active power reference positively correlated to the rotor speed, which, however, is essentially not closed-loop feedback control. This paper revealed that the risk of WTG instability still existed when the conventional KE-based primary frequency control was implemented at wind lulls. In order to overcome the instability problem of WTG with primary frequency control under turbulent wind, this paper investigates the stability boundary of WTG with existing KE-based primary frequency control, interpreted the mechanisms of WTG instability, and proposes an improved strategy based on a supplementary closed-loop rotor speed control. Finally, experiments on a wind power-integrated power system testbed validates that the proposed method ensures the operational stability of WTG participating in primary frequency regulation under turbulent wind.

关 键 词：风电机组 一次调频 变化风速 转速稳定 闭环转速控制 

分 类 号：TM614[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]