寒冷气候区规模化妊娠猪舍氨气和二氧化碳排放规律  

Ammonia and carbon dioxide emissions from large-scale gestation sow houses in cold climate zones

作　　者：张锦瑞 申仲健 张颖[1] 吴中红[1] 陈昭辉[1] 刘继军[1] 王美芝[1] Zhang Jinrui;Shen Zhongjian;Zhang Ying;Wu Zhonghong;Chen Zhaohui;Liu Jijun;Wang Meizhi(College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科学技术学院,北京100193

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2022年第S01期240-249,共10页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：生猪产业技术体系北京市创新团队项目(BAIC02-2021)。

摘　　要：集约化养猪生产是氨气和二氧化碳排放的重要来源。为探究中国新建大规模猪场具有代表性的妊娠猪舍气体排放规律,选取寒冷气候区平层与楼房养殖模式下2个典型机械通风妊娠猪舍进行试验,猪舍清粪方式分别为尿泡粪和刮粪板清粪,在冬夏季节测算NH3和CO_(2)排放规律。研究结果表明,平层猪舍冬季和夏季NH3日均排放量分别为(17.4±5.3)和(65.8±4.8)mg/kg,楼房猪舍夏季排风过滤器前后NH3日均排放量分别为(150.9±8.6)和(84.6±6.8)mg/kg;平层猪舍冬季和夏季CO_(2)日均排放量分别为(8.9±0.8)和(18.1±3.1)g/kg,楼房猪舍夏季排风过滤器前后分别为(11.7±1.8)和(15.7±1.9)g/kg;平层猪舍夏季NH3和CO_(2)排放量均高于冬季。平层“尿泡粪”猪舍NH3日均排放量在1个排污周期内呈现波动性变化;楼房“刮粪板清粪”猪舍NH3日均排放量表现为日周期波动性且呈双驼峰趋势,峰值区间与每日清粪时间一致。平层猪舍和楼房猪舍冬夏季CO_(2)排放率均呈现日变化规律,峰值区间与猪只饲喂时间相符,排放率与猪只活动量和日龄正向相关。该研究为寒冷气候区规模化平层和楼房养殖典型妊娠猪舍的NH_(3)和CO_(2)排放规律提供了基础数据支撑。Ammonia and carbon dioxide emissions from animal houses have been one of the major environmental protection concerns,because they may raise environmental problems and pose hazards to public health.There has a vast territory and diverse climate types in China,which can be divided into five thermal zones.The environmental control systems in different climatic regions vary according to the type of pig house construction.Typical seasonal emissions in different climate zones should be measured to provide data support for Chinese total ammonia and carbon dioxide emissions.In order to enrich the database of ammonia and carbon dioxide emissions from pig houses in cold climate zones,two mechanically ventilated large-scale gestation sow houses were selected to calculate ammonia and carbon dioxide emission rates.One single-floor gestation sow house locates in Hebei Province and is full of Chinese indigenous pigs,the other multi-floor gestation sow house locates in Beijing and is filled with introduced pigs.They were mechanically ventilated and automatically fed.The manure management systems in the two pig houses were“pull-plug”system and“solid-liquid separation”system,respectively.The ammonia and carbon dioxide emission rates of the two experimental pig houses were calculated by monitoring the ventilation rates and the concentration of ammonia and carbon dioxide at the exhaust outlets.Because of the double impacts of Asian fever and corona virus,the data were obtained only in summer in the multi-floor pig house.And the emission rates were monitored both in summer and winter in the single-floor pig house.The results showed that the average daily emission rates of ammonia in the single-floor pig house(winter and summer)and in the summer of the multi-floor pig house(before and after the scrubber)were(17.4±5.3),(65.8±4.8),(150.9±8.6)and(84.6±6.8)mg/kg,respectively.The average daily emission rates of carbon dioxide were(8.9±0.8),(18.1±3.1),(11.7±1.8)and(15.7±1.9)g/kg,respectively.The emission rates of ammonia and

关 键 词：氨气 二氧化碳 妊娠猪舍 排放率 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]