采砂对淮河蚌埠段河势稳定与防洪安全影响分析  

Impact of sand mining on river regime stability and flood control safety in Bengbu section of Huaihe River

作　　者：贲鹏 陆美凝[3] 陆海田 彭亮 BEN Peng;LU Meining;LU Haitian;PENG Liang(Water Resources Research Institute of Anhui Province and Huaihe River Commission of MWR,Hefei 230000,China;Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Water Conservancy and Water Resources,Hefei 230000,China;Jiangsu Hongze Lake Water Conservancy Project Management Office,Huai′an 223100,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省(水利部淮河水利委员会)水利科学研究院,安徽合肥230000 [2]水利水资源安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥230000 [3]江苏省洪泽湖水利工程管理处,江苏淮安223100

出　　处：《人民长江》2023年第3期16-20,27,共6页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“水资源高效利用专项”(2017YFC0405602)。

摘　　要：河道无序采砂导致淮河蚌埠段河床发生剧烈变化,为了分析采砂对该段河势稳定和河道防洪安全的影响,开展了蚌埠段河道采砂影响研究。基于河道水沙特性、河床演变规律,通过现场观测、理论分析和数值计算等方法,从堤防滩地、水文测站、水利工程、桥梁管线等方面对河道采砂影响进行了评估,并提出了淮河蚌埠段河道安全保护范围。结果表明:①淮河干流蚌埠闸至沫河口段2008年以前自然演变缓慢,河床较为稳定,而2008年以后无序采砂造成了河床剧烈变化,且长时间内难以自然修复;②采砂坑具有数量多、深度大、边坡陡且极不稳定等特性,易导致断面滑动、河道不平整影响水文测验,危害防洪安全以及其他涉河设施安全和管理;③根据河道管理要求,淮河干流蚌埠闸至沫河口段河道两堤范围内,需要进行保护的区域面积占总面积的95%以上,即淮河蚌埠段河道已无可采砂区域,需将其划定为禁止采砂区。研究成果可为淮河采砂规划、河道保护管理和工程治理提供参考。Disorderly sand mining in rivers leads to drastic changes in the riverbed of Bengbu section of the Huaihe River.In order to analyze the impact of sand mining on river regime stability and river flood control safety in this section,the impact of sand mining in Bengbu section was studied.Based on the characteristics of water and sediment in the river channel and the law of river bed evolution,the impact of river sand mining was evaluated from the aspects of embankments and beaches,hydrological stations,water conservancy projects,bridges and pipelined,etc.And the range of river channel needed to be protected in Bengbu section was proposed.The results show that:①Before 2008,the natural evolution of the section from Bengbu Gate to Mohekou,the main stream of the Huaihe River,was slow and the riverbed was relatively stable.After 2008,the disorderly sand mining caused drastic changes in the riverbed,and it was difficult to recover naturally for a long time.②Sand pits have the characteristics of large number,large depth,steep slope and extremely unstable,which can easily lead to section sliding and uneven riverbed,affecting the hydrological test work,endangering the safety of flood control and the management of other river-related facilities.③According to the requirements of river management,within the scope of the two embankments of mainstream from Bengbu Gate to Mohekou Section,the area to be protected accounts for more than 95%of the total area,that is,there is no sand-mining area in the Bengbu section of the Huaihe River,so it is required to be designated as a sand mining prohibited area.The research results can provide a basis for sand mining planning,river channel protection management and water conservancy project management in Huaihe River.

关 键 词：河道采砂 河床演变 河势变化 防洪安全 蚌埠段 淮河 

分 类 号：TV131[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]