坝肩窑洞式开挖技术研究现状和展望  

Research status and prospect of cave type excavation technology for dam abutment

作　　者：罗忆[1,2] 李桥梁 李新平[1,2] 龚航里 邓运辰 LUO Yi;LI Qiaoliang;LI Xinping;GONG Hangli;DENG Yunchen(Hubei Key Laboratory of Roadway,Bridge and Structure Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;Sanya Science and Education Innovation Park,Wuhan University of Technology,Sanya 572024,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学道路桥梁与结构工程湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430070 [2]武汉理工大学土木工程与建筑学院,湖北武汉430070 [3]武汉理工大学三亚科教创新园,海南三亚572024

出　　处：《人民长江》2023年第3期138-147,共10页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51979208);三亚崖州湾科技城管理局重大科技项目(SKJC-KJ-2019KY02)。

摘　　要：中国西南地区山高谷深,水能资源充沛,但水电站坝肩开挖往往受到特殊地形地质条件、生态环境要求的影响,成为了制约水电工程建设的关键问题之一。针对常见的坝肩明挖方式所面临的挑战,从多个方面阐述了窑洞式开挖技术的优缺点,并基于现有工程的实践应用经验,分析了窑洞式开挖技术在工程应用中的关键问题以及相应对策;聚焦于高寒地区水电开发的巨大潜力和水利水电技术的发展要求,分析了窑洞式开挖技术在高寒地区的应用前景以及推行坝肩智能化开挖的先天优势。研究成果可为推动大坝建设技术的发展,促进水电优质、安全、绿色、高效开发提供参考。Southwest China has high mountains and deep valleys,and abundant hydropower resources.However,the excavation of dam abutments of hydropower stations is often affected by special topographic and geological conditions,ecological environment requirements and other factors,which has become one of the key problems restricting the construction of hydropower projects in Southwest China.In view of the challenges faced by the common open excavation method of dam abutment,the advantages and disadvantages of cave type excavation technology were expounded from many aspects.Based on the practical application experiences of existing projects,the key problems and corresponding countermeasures of cave type excavation technology in engineering application were analyzed.Finally,focusing on the great potential of hydropower development in alpine regions and the development demands of water conservancy and hydropower technology,the application prospect of cave type excavation technology and the inherent advantages of implementing dam abutment intelligent excavation in alpine regions are briefly analyzed.The research results can provide reference for promoting the development of dam construction technology and promoting the high-quality,safe,green and efficient development of hydropower.

关 键 词：坝肩 窑洞式开挖 绿色水电 西南峡谷地区 

分 类 号：TV31[水利工程—水工结构工程]