黄河三角洲盐碱地根土水交互过程及其调控  

Interactive Processes and Modifications of Root-Soil-Water in Saline Agricultural Development of the Yellow River Delta

作　　者：赵英 于金艺 胡秋丽 赵惠丽 索立柱 王毅 吴楠 ZHAO Ying;YU Jinyi;HU Qiuli;ZHAO Huili;SUO Lizhu;WANG Yi;WU Nan(School of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Ludong University,Yantai 264039,China)

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学资源与环境工程学院,山东烟台264039

出　　处：《鲁东大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期97-106,145,共11页Journal of Ludong University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：泰山学者青年专家项目(201812096);山东省杰出青年基金项目(ZR2019JQ12)。

摘　　要：当前,黄河三角洲盐碱农业发展要求观念突破,由治理盐碱地适应作物向选育耐盐碱植物适应盐碱地转变。黄河三角洲重要的作物类型有小麦、玉米、大豆等,如何创建合理的耕作栽培体系并能基于土壤盐渍状况辅助耐盐碱作物选育是重点和难点。理论上,植物耐盐和土壤改良可以相互促进、“相向而行”,这亟需突破作物适生改土机制与配套栽培技术。就此,本文聚焦于根土水交互作用过程及其调控机理,提出了以下研究途径。首先,明确区域根-土-水三者耦合关系及其对土壤改良、耕作方式和种植模式的响应特征;其次,结合区域浅地下咸水条件和土壤盐碱特征,探寻耕作压实的最佳阈值;最后,研发根层水肥盐优化环境营建技术,促进耐盐碱作物育种。本文为基于盐渍土壤根土过程研究促进作物育种提供了重要思路。Currently,the advancement of saline-alkali agriculture in the Yellow River Delta necessitates a shift in mindset,moving from controlling saline-alkali land to adapting crops and selecting saline-alkali-tolerant plants that can thrive in such soil.Prominent crops in the region include wheat,corn,soybeans,and more.The key challenge lies in establishing a sensible cultivation system and supporting the selection of crops that can withstand soil salinity.The interplay between plant salt tolerance and soil enhancement can potentially bolster one another and move in the same direction,but this requires a breakthrough in understanding how crops adapt to soil improvement and cultivation techniques.To this end,this paper focuses on the interaction process between roots,soil,and water and how to regulate it,proposing the following research approaches.Firstly,the regional relationship between roots,soil,and water and how they respond to soil enhancement,farming techniques,and planting patterns were investigated.Secondly,factor in the regional groundwater conditions and soil salinity features to explore the optimal tillage compactness threshold.Finally,research and develop technology to create an optimal environment for root layer water,fertilizer,and salt,which can promote the breeding of saline-alkali-tolerant crops.This paper presents a vital idea for promoting crop breeding based on the study of root-soil processes in saline soil.

关 键 词：结构稳定性 土壤压实 土壤显微技术 模型模拟 耐盐碱作物选育 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]