13份化橘红种质的鉴定研究  

The Identification Research on 13 Germplasms of Exocarpium Citrus Grandis

作　　者：叶宾 黄洁文 李宇 魏鸿瑶 吴良肪 丁玙 谷潇雨 赵杰堂[1] 胡桂兵[1] 秦永华[1] 王艳慧 张志珂[1] YE Bin;HUANG Jiewen;LI Yu;WEI Hongyao;WU Liangfang;DING Yu;GU Xiaoyu;ZHAO Jietang;HU Guibing;QIN Yonghua;WANG Yanhui;ZHANG Zhike(Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Ru-ral Affairs/College of Horticulture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642,China;Guangzhou Xiangxue Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510663,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部华南地区园艺作物生物学和种质创制重点实验室/华南农业大学园艺学院,广东广州510642 [2]广州市香雪制药股份有限公司,广东广州510663

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2023年第2期289-301,共13页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家重点研发计划中医药现代化研究重点专项(No.2018YFC1706700);广州市科技计划项目对外科技合作计划项目(No.201807010018)。

摘　　要：为了有效地鉴定和区分化橘红种质,改善市场上橘红产品混乱的现状。本研究以13份化州当地不同产区的化橘红(大合黄绒、大合密叶、平定黄绒、平定密叶、平定红肉、山车正毛、带刺正毛、山车凤尾、山车副毛、山车假西洋、山车光青、平定金钱笃、平定实生梨)作为材料,通过植物学形态分析、干品化学成分分析和分子标记分析,并对所得结果进行相关性分析。结果表明:正毛和非正毛种质在叶长、叶形指数、L^(*)、a^(*)和b^(*)及果形指数上有显著差异:正毛种质的叶形较非正毛的更细长,色差值的绝对值更大,其果型指数偏小,形状上更偏向高扁圆形,而非正毛种质更偏向球形;正毛与非正毛化橘红种质醇溶性浸出物的含量有显著差异,且绝大多数正毛化橘红的野漆树苷含量高于5.00 mg/g,而二者的柚皮苷和水溶性浸出物均无显著差异;在遗传距离为15 cM时,ISSR和SRAP分子标记能够将13份种质分成正毛1组和非正毛3组;当P<0.05时,仅有果实形状、果型指数与野漆树苷和柚皮苷含量呈显著相关,水溶性浸出物与L^(*)值呈显著正相关。结合3种鉴定结果表明,分子标记区分化橘红种质是最为可靠的,其次利用植物形态(花瓣长度、果实形状与果型指数)或化学成分(野漆树苷和醇浸出物含量)也能在一定程度上区分正毛和非正毛种质。Exocarpium Citrus Grandis(ECG)is a medicinal plant of Citrus in Rutaceae.It is a medicine that has great effects.To distinguish the‘Zhengmao’and‘Non-zhengmao’germlplasms,13 ECG germplasms were selected,including‘Zhengmao’germplasms(‘Dahe huangrong’,‘Dahe miye’,‘Pingding huangrong’,‘Pingding miye’,‘Pingding hongrou’,‘Shanche zhengmao’and‘Shiwan zhengmao’)and‘Non Zhengmao’germplasms(‘Shanche fengwei’,‘Shanche fumao’,‘Shanche jiaxiyang’,‘Shanche guangqing’,‘Pingding jinqiandu’,‘Pingding shishengli’).The botanical morphological traits were measured,active substances were analyzed,and molecular markers were carried by the ISSR and SRAP for distinguishing analysis.There were significant differences in length of leaf,leaf shape index,L^(*),a^(*)and b^(*).The leaves of‘Zhengmao’germplasms were slenderer than those of‘Non-zhengmao’,the whole leaf was whiter,greener and yellower.There were significant differences in fruit shape and the fruit shape index between‘Zhengmao’germplasms and‘Non-Zhengmao’germplasms.The content of rhubarb glycoside in most‘Zhengmao’germplasms was higher than that of‘Non-zhengmao’samples,except the‘Shanche fumao’.The content of alcohol soluble extract was also significantly different between the germplasms.The clustering results of ISSR and SRAP showed that when the genetic distance of the two molecular markers was 15 cM,the 13 germplasms could be divided into one‘Zhengmao’and three‘Non Zhengmao’groups.The correlation analysis between germplasm botany and medicinal components showed that,when P<0.05,only the fruit shape and fruit shape index were significantly correlated with the content of wild rhubarb glyco-side and naringin,the water-soluble extract was significantly positively correlated with L^(*).To conclude,when combined with the three identification results,the molecular marker is the most reliable to distinguish the germplasm of ECG,the plant morphology(petal length,fruit shape and fruit

关 键 词：化橘红 种质鉴定 植物学性状 化学成分 分子标记 

分 类 号：S666.3[农业科学—果树学]